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)::jel: l83 - sports; gambling; recreation; tourism::jel: l84 - personal, professional, and business services::jel: l85 - real estate services::jel: l86 - information and internet services; computer software::jel: l87 - postal and delivery services::jel: l88 - government policy::jel: l89 - diğerjel: l9 - industry studies: transportation and utilities::jel: l90 - genel::jel: l91 - transportation: genel::jel: l92 - railroads and diğer surface transportation: autos, buses, trucks, and water carriers; ports::jel: l93 - air transportation::jel: l94 - electric utilities::jel: l95 - gas utilities; pipelines; water utilities::jel: l96 - telecommunications::jel: l97 - utilities: genel::jel: l98 - government policy::jel: l99 - diğer== business administration and business economics; marketing; accounting jel: m subcategories ==jel: m - business administration and business economics; marketing; accounting:kategori:business economicsjel: m0 - genel::jel: m00 - geneljel: m1 - business administration::jel: m10 - genel::jel: m11 - production management::jel: m12 - personnel management::jel: m13 - entrepreneurship::jel: m14 - corporate culture; social responsibility::jel: m19 - diğerjel: m2 - business economics::jel: m20 - genel::jel: m21 - business economics::jel: m29 - diğerjel: m3 - marketing and advertising::jel: m30 - genel::jel: m31 - marketing::jel: m37 - advertising::jel: m39 - diğerjel: m4 - accounting and auditing::jel: m40 - genel::jel: m41 - accounting scholarship::jel: m42 - auditing::jel: m49 - diğerjel: m5 - personnel economics::jel: m50 - genel::jel: m51 - firm employment decisions; promotions (hiring, firing, turnover, part-time, temporary workers, seniority issues)::jel: m52 - compensation and compensation methods and their effects (stock options, fringe benefits, incentives, family support programs, seniority issues)::jel: m53 - training::jel: m54 - labor management (team formation, worker empowerment, job design, tasks and authority, job satisfaction)::jel: m55 - labor contracting devices: outsourcing; franchising; diğer::jel: m59 - diğer== economic history jel: n subcategories ==jel: n - economic history:kategori:economic historyjel: n0 - genel::jel: n00 - genel::jel: n01 - development of the discipline: historiographical; sources and methodsjel: n1 - macroeconomics and monetary economics; growth and fluctuations::jel: n10 - genel, international, or comparative::jel: n11 - u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n12 - u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n13 - europe: pre-1913::jel: n14 - europe: 1913–::jel: n15 - asia including middle east::jel: n16 - latin america; caribbean::jel: n17 - africa; oceaniajel: n2 - financial markets and institutions::jel: n20 - genel, international, or comparative::jel: n21 - u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n22 - u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n23 - europe: pre-1913::jel: n24 - europe: 1913–::jel: n25 - asia including middle east::jel: n26 - latin america; caribbean::jel: n27 - africa; oceaniajel: n3 - labor and consumers, demography, education, income, and wealth::jel: n30 - genel, international, or comparative::jel: n31 - u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n32 - u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n33 - europe: pre-1913::jel: n34 - europe: 1913–::jel: n35 - asia including middle east::jel: n36 - latin america; caribbean::jel: n37 - africa; oceaniajel: n4 - government, war, law, and regulation::jel: n40 - genel, international, or comparative::jel: n41 - u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n42 - u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n43 - europe: pre-1913::jel: n44 - europe: 1913–::jel: n45 - asia including middle east::jel: n46 - latin america; caribbean::jel: n47 - africa; oceaniajel: n5 - agriculture, natural resources, environment, and extractive industries::jel: n50 - genel, international, or comparative::jel: n51 - u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n52 - u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n53 - europe: pre-1913::jel: n54 - europe: 1913–::jel: n55 - asia including middle east::jel: n56 - latin america; caribbean::jel: n57 - africa; oceaniajel: n6 - manufacturing and construction::jel: n60 - genel, international, or comparative::jel: n61 - u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n62 - u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n63 - europe: pre-1913::jel: n64 - europe: 1913–::jel: n65 - asia including middle east::jel: n66 - latin america; caribbean::jel: n67 - africa; oceaniajel: n7 - transport, international and domestic trade, energy, technology, and diğer services::jel: n70 - genel, international, or comparative::jel: n71 - u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n72 - u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n73 - europe: pre-1913::jel: n74 - europe: 1913–::jel: n75 - asia including middle east::jel: n76 - latin america; caribbean::jel: n77 - africa; oceaniajel: n8 - micro-business history::jel: n80 - genel, international, or comparative::jel: n81 - u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n82 - u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n83 - europe: pre-1913::jel: n84 - europe: 1913–::jel: n85 - asia including middle east::jel: n86 - latin america; caribbean::jel: n87 - africa; oceaniajel: n9 - regional and urban history::jel: n90 - genel, international, or comparative::jel: n91 - u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n92 - u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n93 - europe: pre-1913::jel: n94 - europe: 1913–::jel: n95 - asia including middle east::jel: n96 - latin america; caribbean::jel: n97 - africa; oceania== ekonomik kalkınma, teknolojik değişim ve büyüme jel: o alt kategoriler ==jel: o - economic development, technological change, and growth:kategori:economic development, technological change, and growthjel: o1 - economic development::jel: o10 - genel::jel: o11 - macroeconomic analyses of economic development::jel: o12 - microeconomic analyses of economic development::jel: o13 - agriculture; natural resources; energy; environment; diğer primary products::jel: o14 - industrialization; manufacturing and service industries; choice of technology::jel: o15 - human resources; human development; income distribution; migration::jel: o16 - financial markets; saving and capital investment::jel: o17 - formal and informal sectors; shadow economy; institutional arrangements: legal, social, economic, and political::jel: o18 - regional, urban, and rural analyses::jel: o19 - international linkages to development; role of international organizationsjel: o2 - development planning and policy::jel: o20 - genel::jel: o21 - planning models; planning policy::jel: o22 - project analysis::jel: o23 - fiscal and monetary policy in development::jel: o24 - trade policy; factor movement policy; foreign exchange policy::jel: o29 - diğerjel: o3 - technological change; research and development::jel: o30 - genel::jel: o31 - innovation and invention: processes and incentives::jel: o32 - management of technological innovation and r&d::jel: o33 - technological change: choices and consequences; diffusion processes::jel: o34 - intellectual property rights: national and international issues::jel: o38 - government policy::jel: o39 - diğerjel: o4 - economic growth and aggregate productivity::jel: o40 - genel::jel: o41 - one, two, and multisector growth models::jel: o42 - monetary growth models::jel: o47 - measurement of economic growth; aggregate productivity::jel: o49 - diğerjel: o5 - economywide country studies::jel: o50 - genel::jel: o51 - u.s.; canada::jel: o52 - europe::jel: o53 - asia including middle east::jel: o54 - latin america; caribbean::jel: o55 - africa::jel: o56 - oceania::jel: o57 - comparative studies of countries== ekonomik sistemler jel: p alt kategoriler ==jel: p - economic systems:kategori:economic systemsjel: p0 - genel::jel: p00 - geneljel: p1 - capitalist systems::jel: p10 - genel::jel: p11 - planning, coordination, and reform::jel: p12 - capitalist enterprises::jel: p13 - cooperative enterprises::jel: p14 - property rights::jel: p16 - political economy::jel: p17 - performance and prospects::jel: p19 - diğerjel: p2 - socialist systems and transitional economies::jel: p20 - genel::jel: p21 - planning, coordination, and reform::jel: p22 - prices::jel: p23 - factor and product markets; industry studies; population::jel: p24 - national income, product, and expenditure; money; inflation::jel: p25 - urban, rural, and regional economics; housing; transportation::jel: p26 - political economy; property rights::jel: p27 - performance and prospects::jel: p28 - natural resources; energy; environment::jel: p29 - diğerjel: p3 - socialist institutions and their transitions::jel: p30 - genel::jel: p31 - socialist enterprises and their transitions::jel: p32 - collectives; communes; agriculture::jel: p33 - international trade, finance, investment, and aid::jel: p34 - financial economics::jel: p35 - public economics::jel: p36 - consumer economics; health, education, welfare, and poverty::jel: p37 - legal institutions; illegal behavior::jel: p39 - diğerjel: p4 - diğer economic systems::jel: p40 - genel::jel: p41 - planning, coordination, and reform::jel: p42 - productive enterprises; factor and product markets; prices; population::jel: p43 - public economics; financial economics::jel: p44 - national income, product, and expenditure; money; inflation::jel: p45 - international trade, finance, investment, and aid::jel: p46 - consumer economics; welfare and poverty::jel: p47 - performance and prospects::jel: p48 - political economy •legal institutions; property rights::jel: p49 - diğerjel: p5 - comparative economic systems::jel: p50 - genel::jel: p51 - comparative analysis of economic systems::jel: p52 - comparative studies of particular economies::jel: p59 - diğer== tarım ve doğal kaynak ekonomisi, Çevresel ve ekoloagricultural and natural resource economics; environmental and ekolojik ekonomi jel: q alt kategoriler ==jel: q - agricultural and natural resource economics; environmental and ecological economics:kategori:agricultural and natural resource economics; environmental and ecological economics:kategori:resource economicsjel: q0 - genel::jel: q00 - genel::jel: q01 - sustainable developmentjel: q1 - agriculture::jel: q10 - genel::jel: q11 - aggregate supply and demand analysis; prices::jel: q12 - micro analysis of farm firms, farm households, and farm input markets::jel: q13 - agricultural markets and marketing; cooperatives; agribusiness::jel: q14 - agricultural finance::jel: q15 - land ownership and tenure; land reform; land use; irrigation::jel: q16 - r&d; agricultural technology; agricultural extension services::jel: q17 - agriculture in international trade::jel: q18 - agricultural policy; food policy::jel: q19 - diğerjel: q2 - renewable resources and conservation::jel: q20 - genel::jel: q21 - demand and supply::jel: q22 - fishery; aquaculture::jel: q23 - forestry::jel: q24 - land::jel: q25 - water::jel: q26 - recreational aspects of natural resources::jel: q28 - government policy::jel: q29 - diğerjel: q3 - nonrenewable resources and conservation::jel: q30 - genel::jel: q31 - demand and supply::jel: q32 - exhaustible resources and economic development::jel: q34 - doğal kaynaklar ve yurtiçinatural resources and domestic and international conflicts::jel: q33 - doğal kaynak patlamasıresource booms::jel: q38 - kamu politikaları::jel: q39 - diğerjel: q4 - enerji ekonomisi::jel: q40 - genel::jel: q41 - enerji talebi ve enerji arzı::jel: q42 - alternatif enerji kaynakları::jel: q43 - enerji ve makroekonomi::jel: q48 - kamu politikaları::jel: q49 - diğerjel: q5 - Çevresel ekonomi::jel: q50 - genel::jel: q51 - valuation of environmental effects::jel: q52 - pollution control costs; distributional effects; employment effects::jel: q53 - air pollution; water pollution; noise; hazardous waste; solid waste • recycling::jel: q54 - climate; natural disasters::jel: q55 - technological innovation::jel: q56 - environment and development; environment and trade; sustainability; environmental accounting::jel: q57 - ecological economics: ecosystem services; biodiversity conservation; bioeconomics::jel: q58 - government policy::jel: q59 - diğer== kentsel, kırsal ve bölgesel ekonomi jel: r alt kategoriler ==jel: r - kent ekonomisi, kırsal ekonomi ve bölgesel ekonomi:kategori:kentsel, kırsal ve bölgesel ekonomijel: r0 - genel::jel: r00 - geneljel: r1 - genel bölgesel ekonomi::jel: r10 - genel::jel: r11 - regional economic activity: growth, development, and changes::jel: r12 - size and spatial distributions of regional economic activity; interregional trade::jel: r13 - genel equilibrium and welfare economic analysis of regional economies::jel: r14 - land use patterns::jel: r15 - econometric and input–output models; diğer models::jel: r19 - diğerjel: r2 - hanehalı analizler::jel: r20 - genel::jel: r21 - hanehalkı talebihousing demand::jel: r22 - diğer talep::jel: r23 - bölgesel göç, bölgesel iş gücü piyasaları, nüfus::jel: r29 - diğerjel: r3 - Üretim analizleri ve firma yeri::jel: r30 - genel::jel: r31 - housing supply and markets::jel: r32 - diğer üretim ve fiyatlama analizleri::jel: r33 - nonagricultural and nonresidential real estate markets::jel: r34 - input demand analysis::jel: r38 - government policies; regulatory policies::jel: r39 - diğerjel: r4 - ulaştırma ekonomisi::jel: r40 - genel::jel: r41 - ulaştırma: talep, arz, yığılma, güvenlik ve kazalar::jel: r42 - kamu ve özel yatırım analizleri::jel: r48 - kamu fiyatlaması, düzenleme politikaları::jel: r49 - diğerjel: r5 - bölgesel yönetim analizi::jel: r50 - genel::jel: r51 - kentsel ve kırsal ekonomilerde finans::jel: r52 - arazi kullanımı ve diğer düzenlemeler::jel: r53 - kamu hizmet yeri analizi, kamu yatırım ve sermaye stoku::jel: r58 - bölgesel gelişim yasaları::jel: r59 - diğer== Çeşitli kategoriler (ekonomi) jel: y alt kategoriler ==jel: y1 - data: tables and charts::jel: y10 - data: tables and chartsjel: y2 - introductory material::jel: y20 - introductory materialjel: y3 - book reviews (unclassified)::jel: y30 - book reviews (unclassified)jel: y4 - dissertations (unclassified)::jel: y40 - dissertations (unclassified)jel: y5 - further reading (unclassified)::jel: y50 - further reading (unclassified)jel: y6 - excerpts::jel: y60 - excerptsjel: y8 - jel: related disciplines::jel: y80 - related disciplinesjel: y9 - diğer::jel: y90 - diğer== diğer özel başlıklar jel: z alt kategoriler ==jel: z - diğer özel başlıklarjel: z0 - genel::jel: z00 - geneljel: z1 - kültürel ekonomi; ekonomik sosyoloji; ekonomik antropoloji::jel: z10 - genel::jel: z11 - economics of the arts and literature::jel: z12 - bölgesel::jel: z13 - economic sociology; economic anthropology::jel: z19 - diğer== dış bağlantılar ==* [http://www.aeaweb.org/journal/jel_class_system.html]
)::jel: l83 – sports; gambling; recreation; tourism::jel: l84 – personal, professional, and business services::jel: l85 – real estate services::jel: l86 – information and internet services; computer software::jel: l87 – postal and delivery services::jel: l88 – government policy::jel: l89 – otherjel: l9 – industry studies: transportation and utilities::jel: l90 – general::jel: l91 – transportation: general::jel: l92 – railroads and other surface transportation::jel: l93 – air transportation::jel: l94 – electric utilities::jel: l95 – gas utilities; pipelines; water utilities::jel: l96 – telecommunications::jel: l97 – utilities: general::jel: l98 – government policy::jel: l99 – other==business administration and business economics; marketing; accounting jel: m subcategories==:category:businessjel: m – business administration and business economics; marketing; accountingjel: m0 – general::jel: m00 – generaljel: m1 – business administration::jel: m10 – general::jel: m11 – production management::jel: m12 – personnel management::jel: m13 – new firms and startup companies::jel: m14 – corporate culture; social responsibility::jel: m15 – it management::jel: m16 – international business administration::jel: m19 – otherjel: m2 – business economics::jel: m20 – general::jel: m21 – business economics::jel: m29 – otherjel: m3 – marketing and advertising::jel: m30 – general::jel: m31 – marketing::jel: m37 – advertising::jel: m38 – government policy and regulation::jel: m39 – otherjel: m4 – accounting and auditing::jel: m40 – general::jel: m41 – accounting scholarship::jel: m42 – auditing::jel: m48 – government policy and regulation::jel: m49 – otherjel: m5 – personnel economics::jel: m50 – general::jel: m51 – firm employment decisions; promotions (hiring, firing, turnover, part-time, temporary workers, seniority issues)::jel: m52 – compensation and compensation methods and their effects (stock options, fringe benefits, incentives, family support programs, seniority issues)::jel: m53 – training::jel: m54 – labor management (team formation, worker empowerment, job design, tasks and authority, job satisfaction)::jel: m55 – labor contracting devices: outsourcing; franchising; other::jel: m59 – other==economic history jel: n subcategories==:category:economic historyjel: n – economic historyjel: n0 – general::jel: n00 – general::jel: n01 – development of the discipline: historiographical; sources and methodsjel: n1 – macroeconomics and monetary economics; growth and fluctuations::jel: n10 – general, international, or comparative::jel: n11 – u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n12 – u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n13 – europe: pre-1913::jel: n14 – europe: 1913–::jel: n15 – asia including middle east::jel: n16 – latin america; caribbean::jel: n17 – africa; oceaniajel: n2 – financial markets and institutions::jel: n20 – general, international, or comparative::jel: n21 – u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n22 – u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n23 – europe: pre-1913::jel: n24 – europe: 1913–::jel: n25 – asia including middle east::jel: n26 – latin america; caribbean::jel: n27 – africa; oceaniajel: n3 – labor and consumers, demography, education, income, and wealth::jel: n30 – general, international, or comparative::jel: n31 – u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n32 – u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n33 – europe: pre-1913::jel: n34 – europe: 1913–::jel: n35 – asia including middle east::jel: n36 – latin america; caribbean::jel: n37 – africa; oceaniajel: n4 – government, war, law, and regulation::jel: n40 – general, international, or comparative::jel: n41 – u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n42 – u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n43 – europe: pre-1913::jel: n44 – europe: 1913–::jel: n45 – asia including middle east::jel: n46 – latin america; caribbean::jel: n47 – africa; oceaniajel: n5 – agriculture, natural resources, environment, and extractive industries::jel: n50 – general, international, or comparative::jel: n51 – u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n52 – u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n53 – europe: pre-1913::jel: n54 – europe: 1913–::jel: n55 – asia including middle east::jel: n56 – latin america; caribbean::jel: n57 – africa; oceaniajel: n6 – manufacturing and construction::jel: n60 – general, international, or comparative::jel: n61 – u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n62 – u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n63 – europe: pre-1913::jel: n64 – europe: 1913–::jel: n65 – asia including middle east::jel: n66 – latin america; caribbean::jel: n67 – africa; oceaniajel: n7 – transport, international and domestic trade, energy, technology, and other services::jel: n70 – general, international, or comparative::jel: n71 – u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n72 – u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n73 – europe: pre-1913::jel: n74 – europe: 1913–::jel: n75 – asia including middle east::jel: n76 – latin america; caribbean::jel: n77 – africa; oceaniajel: n8 – micro-business history::jel: n80 – general, international, or comparative::jel: n81 – u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n82 – u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n83 – europe: pre-1913::jel: n84 – europe: 1913–::jel: n85 – asia including middle east::jel: n86 – latin america; caribbean::jel: n87 – africa; oceaniajel: n9 – regional and urban history::jel: n90 – general, international, or comparative::jel: n91 – u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n92 – u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n93 – europe: pre-1913::jel: n94 – europe: 1913–::jel: n95 – asia including middle east::jel: n96 – latin america; caribbean::jel: n97 – africa; oceania==economic development, technological change, and growth jel: o subcategories==:category:economic development, technological change, and growthjel: o – economic development, technological change, and growthjel: o1 – economic development::jel: o10 – general::jel: o11 – macroeconomic analyses of economic development::jel: o12 – microeconomic analyses of economic development::jel: o13 – agriculture; natural resources; energy; environment; other primary products::jel: o14 – industrialization; manufacturing and service industries; choice of technology::jel: o15 – human resources; human development; income distribution; migration::jel: o16 – financial markets; saving and capital investment::jel: o17 – formal and informal sectors; shadow economy; institutional arrangements: legal, social, economic, and political::jel: o18 – regional, urban, and rural analyses, transportation::jel: o19 – international linkages to development; role of international organizationsjel: o2 – development planning and policy::jel: o20 – general::jel: o21 – planning models; planning policy::jel: o22 – project analysis::jel: o23 – fiscal and monetary policy in development::jel: o24 – trade policy; factor movement policy; foreign exchange policy::jel: o25 – industrial policy::jel: o29 – otherjel: o3 – technological change; research and development::jel: o30 – general::jel: o31 – innovation and invention: processes and incentives::jel: o32 – management of technological innovation and r&d::jel: o33 – technological change: choices and consequences; diffusion processes::jel: o34 – intellectual property rights: national and international issues::jel: o38 – government policy::jel: o39 – otherjel: o4 – economic growth and aggregate productivity::jel: o40 – general::jel: o41 – one, two, and multisector growth models::jel: o42 – monetary growth models::jel: o43 – institutions and growth::jel: o44 – environment and growth::jel: o47 – measurement of economic growth; aggregate productivity::jel: o49 – otherjel: o5 – economywide country studies::jel: o50 – general::jel: o51 – u.s.; canada::jel: o52 – europe::jel: o53 – asia including middle east::jel: o54 – latin america; caribbean::jel: o55 – africa::jel: o56 – oceania::jel: o57 – comparative studies of countries==economic systems jel: p subcategories==:category:economic systemsjel: p – economic systemsjel: p0 – general::jel: p00 – generaljel: p1 – capitalist systems::jel: p10 – general::jel: p11 – planning, coordination, and reform::jel: p12 – capitalist enterprises::jel: p13 – cooperative enterprises::jel: p14 – property rights::jel: p16 – political economy::jel: p17 – performance and prospects::jel: p19 – otherjel: p2 – socialist systems and transitional economies::jel: p20 – general::jel: p21 – planning, coordination, and reform::jel: p22 – prices::jel: p23 – factor and product markets; industry studies; population::jel: p24 – national income, product, and expenditure; money; inflation::jel: p25 – urban, rural, and regional economics; housing; transportation::jel: p26 – political economy; property rights::jel: p27 – performance and prospects::jel: p28 – natural resources; energy; environment::jel: p29 – otherjel: p3 – socialist institutions and their transitions::jel: p30 – general::jel: p31 – socialist enterprises and their transitions::jel: p32 – collectives; communes; agriculture::jel: p33 – international trade, finance, investment, business, and aid::jel: p34 – financial economics::jel: p35 – public economics::jel: p36 – consumer economics; health, education, welfare, and poverty::jel: p37 – legal institutions; illegal behavior::jel: p39 – otherjel: p4 – other economic systems::jel: p40 – general::jel: p41 – planning, coordination, and reform::jel: p42 – productive enterprises; factor and product markets; prices; population::jel: p43 – public economics; financial economics::jel: p44 – national income, product, and expenditure; money; inflation::jel: p45 – international trade, finance, investment, and aid::jel: p46 – consumer economics; welfare and poverty::jel: p47 – performance and prospects::jel: p48 – political economy; legal institutions; property rights, natural resources; energy; environment; regional studies::jel: p49 – otherjel: p5 – comparative economic systems::jel: p50 – general::jel: p51 – comparative analysis of economic systems::jel: p52 – comparative studies of particular economies::jel: p59 – other==agricultural and natural resource economics; environmental and ecological economics jel: q subcategories==:category:resource economicsjel: q – agricultural and natural resource economics; environmental and ecological economicsjel: q0 – general::jel: q00 – general::jel: q01 – sustainable development::jel: q02 – global commodity crisesjel: q1 – agriculture::jel: q10 – general::jel: q11 – aggregate supply and demand analysis; prices::jel: q12 – micro analysis of farm firms, farm households, and farm input markets::jel: q13 – agricultural markets and marketing; cooperatives; agribusiness::jel: q14 – agricultural finance::jel: q15 – land ownership and tenure; land reform; land use; irrigation; agriculture and environment::jel: q16 – r&d; agricultural technology; biofuels; agricultural extension services::jel: q17 – agriculture in international trade::jel: q18 – agricultural policy; food policy::jel: q19 – otherjel: q2 – renewable resources and conservation::jel: q20 – general::jel: q21 – demand and supply::jel: q22 – fishery; aquaculture::jel: q23 – forestry::jel: q24 – land::jel: q25 – water::jel: q26 – recreational aspects of natural resources::jel: q28 – government policy::jel: q29 – otherjel: q3 – nonrenewable resources and conservation::jel: q30 – general::jel: q31 – demand and supply::jel: q32 – exhaustible resources and economic development::jel: q34 – natural resources and domestic and international conflicts::jel: q33 – resource booms::jel: q38 – government policy::jel: q39 – otherjel: q4 – energy::jel: q40 – general::jel: q41 – demand and supply::jel: q42 – alternative energy sources::jel: q43 – energy and the macroeconomy::jel: q47 – energy forecasting::jel: q48 – government policy::jel: q49 – otherjel: q5 – environmental economics::jel: q50 – general::jel: q51 – valuation of environmental effects::jel: q52 – pollution control adoption costs; distributional effects; employment effects::jel: q53 – air pollution; water pollution; noise; hazardous waste; solid waste; recycling::jel: q54 – climate; natural disasters, global warming::jel: q55 – technological innovation::jel: q56 – environment and development; environment and trade; sustainability; environment accounts and accounting; environmental equity; population growth::jel: q57 – ecological economics: ecosystem services; biodiversity conservation; bioeconomics; industrial ecology::jel: q58 – government policy::jel: q59 – other==urban, rural, and regional economics jel: r subcategories==:category:urban, rural, and regional economicsjel: r – urban, rural, and regional economicsjel: r0 – general::jel: r00 – generaljel: r1 – general regional economics::jel: r10 – general::jel: r11 – regional economic activity: growth, development, and changes::jel: r12 – size and spatial distributions of regional economic activity; interregional trade::jel: r13 – general equilibrium and welfare economic analysis of regional economies::jel: r14 – land use patterns::jel: r15 – econometric and input–output models; other models::jel: r19 – otherjel: r2 – household analysis::jel: r20 – general::jel: r21 – housing demand::jel: r22 – other demand::jel: r23 – regional migration; regional labor markets; population::jel: r29 – otherjel: r3 – production analysis and firm location::jel: r30 – general::jel: r31 – housing supply and markets::jel: r32 – other production and pricing analysis::jel: r33 – nonagricultural and nonresidential real estate markets::jel: r34 – input demand analysis::jel: r38 – government policies; regulatory policies::jel: r39 – otherjel: r4 – transportation systems::jel: r40 – general::jel: r41 – transportation: demand; supply; congestion; safety and accidents::jel: r42 – government and private investment analysis::jel: r48 – government pricing; regulatory policies::jel: r49 – otherjel: r5 – regional government analysis::jel: r50 – general::jel: r51 – finance in urban and rural economies::jel: r52 – land use and other regulations::jel: r53 – public facility location analysis; public investment and capital stock::jel: r58 – regional development policy::jel: r59 – other== miscellaneous categories (economics) jel: y subcategories ==jel: y1 – data: tables and charts::jel: y10 – data: tables and chartsjel: y2 – introductory material::jel: y20 – introductory materialjel: y3 – book reviews (unclassified)::jel: y30 – book reviews (unclassified)jel: y4 – dissertations (unclassified)::jel: y40 – dissertations (unclassified)jel: y5 – further reading (unclassified)::jel: y50 – further reading (unclassified)jel: y6 – excerpts::jel: y60 – excerptsjel: y6 – no author general discussions::jel: y60 – no author general discussionsjel: y8 – jel: related disciplines::jel: y80 – related disciplinesjel: y9 – other::jel: y90 – other::jel: y91 – pictures and maps==other special topics (economics) jel: z subcategories==:category:other special topics (economics)jel: z – other special topicsjel: z0 – general::jel: z00 – generaljel: z1 – cultural economics; economic sociology; economic anthropology::jel: z10 – general::jel: z11 – economics of the arts and literature::jel: z12 – religion::jel: z13 – economic sociology; economic anthropology; social and economic stratification::jel: z18 – public policy::jel: z19 – other==notes====external links==* full list of jel classifications* jel classification codes guide, which provides a more detailed explanation of the classification system