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the goals of bony reconstruction of the craniomaxillofacial skeleton are to restore:
los objetivos de la reconstrucción del esqueleto craneomaxilofacial son restaurar:
bony reconstruction of the craniomaxillofacial complex can be accomplished by a variety of materials and techniques.
la reconstrucción del hueso del complejo craneomaxilofacial puede lograrse empleando una variedad de materiales y técnicas.
following the induction of general anesthesia, the patient is prepared and draped for a craniomaxillofacial procedure.
luego de la inducción de la anestesia general, se prepara y cubre al paciente para un procedimiento craneomaxilofacial.
a combined neurosurgical and craniomaxillofacial treatment is recommended when injuries of the frontal skull base and fractures of the posterior wall of the frontal sinus are present.
se recomienda un tratamiento neuroquirúrgico y craneomaxilofacial combinado cuando existen lesiones de la base del cráneo frontal y fracturas de la pared posterior del seno frontal.
with the advent of miniplates and bone screws, it has become widely accepted that most fractures involving the craniomaxillofacial skeleton are now treated with open reduction and internal fixation techniques.
con el advenimiento de las miniplacas y los tornillos óseos, se ha vuelto ampliamente aceptado que la mayoría de las fracturas que involucran el esqueleto craneomaxilofacial sean ahora tratadas mediante reducción abierta y con técnicas de fijación interna.
i chose plastic surgery because of the great diversity of affections it deals with. a craniomaxillofacial surgery training represents the zenith of preparation in the field and the attainment of excellence.
la cirugía cráneomaxilofacial constituye el último escalón para lograr la máxima preparación en este ramo y con ello alcanzar la excelencia.
cleft teams generally include a craniomaxillofacial surgeon, pediatrician, nurse practitioner, speech pathologist, orthodontist, social worker, and geneticist.
los equipos para los pacientes fisurados generalmente incluyen un cirujano craneomaxilofacial, un pediatra, una enfermera practicante, un fonoaudiólogo, un ortodoncista, un trabajador social, y un genetista.
at the present time i have 22 years of practice and experience as surgeon with 3 specialties (general surgery, plastic and reconstructive surgery and craniomaxillofacial surgery).
a la fecha tengo 22 años de experiencia como cirujano y 3 especialidades (cirugía general, cirugía plástica y cirugía craneomaxilofacial).
the cirugía plástica súper especializada service was founded in 1998 after finishing my craniomaxillofacial and aesthetic surgery training in france. the service mission is to satisfy people's medical needs with the best excellence and quality.
el servicio de cirugía plástica súper especializada fue creado en el año de 1998, después de haberme súper-especializado en cirugía estética y cirugía craneomaxilofacial en francia. nuestro objetivo es satisfacer las necesidades de la población con un servicio de excelencia y calidad al más alto nivel mundial.
cbct device dependency on the transfer accuracy from computer-aided implantology procedures. dreiseidler t, tandon d, kreppel m, neugebauer j, mischkowski ra, zinser mj, zöller je. source department of craniomaxillofacial and plastic surgery, university of cologne, cologne, germany. timo.dreiseidler@uni-koeln.de abstract objectives: to evaluate the potential influence of different cone-beam computed tomography (cbct) devices on the transfer accuracy of an open-source system for computer-aided implantology (cai). material and methods: a total of 108 implants in 18 partially edentulous patient-equivalent models were planned and fully guided implants were inserted using an open-source cai system with three different cbct devices. after follow-up cbct and fiducial marker-matching procedure, linear horizontal, vertical, and maximal three-dimensional deviations, as well as angle deviations between the virtual planning data and the surgical results were calculated. variance analysis was carried out to prove whether or not the observed differences between the cbct devices were statistically significant. results: the observed mean three-dimensional deviation rates between virtually planned and achieved implant positions varied by around 400 μm (45%) at the implant's base and around 540 μm (50%) at the implant's tip in dependence to the applied cbct device. mean vertical deviations varied around 370 μm (76%) at the implant's base and 350 μm (69%) at the implant's tip, whereas axes deviations varied around 0.81° (40%) between the three investigated cbct devices. except for the axes deviations and the horizontal linear deviations at the implants base, observed differences reached significance level between the cbct devices. conclusions: until now, the potential influence from different cbct devices on the transfer accuracy of cai systems has not yet been investigated. data from the present study confirm for the first time the in vitro cbct device dependency on the transfer accuracy of cai systems reaching up to axes deviations of 0.6 angle degree and linear deviations around half a millimeter.
as a means of mapping out the relevant territory for the study of how people accomplish their goals and attend to interpersonal relationships while using language, leech (1983) and thomas (1983) divided pragmatics into two components: pragmalinguistics and sociopragmatics. pragmalinguistics refers to the resources for conveying communicative acts and relational or interpersonal meanings
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