In years to come,zoos will not only be places where animals are exhibited. but repositories where rare species can be saved from extintion through captive breeding. The most powerful force influencing the future of many animals and of zoos is the decline of the wild. not even zoo directors would argue that zoos are better places for animals the fields and forests of their native lands , yet zoos may be the last chance for some creatures that would otherwise pass quietly into oblivion.

In years to come,zoos will not only be places where animals are exhibited. but repositories where rare species can be saved from extintion through captive breeding. The most powerful force influencing the future of many animals and of zoos is the decline of the wild. not even zoo directors would argue that zoos are better places for animals the fields and forests of their native lands , yet zoos may be the last chance for some creatures that would otherwise pass quietly into oblivion.

INTRODUCTION When ever any project is taken in hand such as constructing a building, bridge, dam, canal etc , the process of surveying is involved. In which horizontal and vertical distances are measured on a supposedly flat plane of natural and artificial features such as mountains, lakes, rivers, buildings, railways etc Surveying The art of determining the relative positions of points or objects, on, above or beneath the surface of the earth by taking direct or indirect measurements is called Surveying. What is surveying? Surveying is typically used to locate and measure property lines; to lay out buildings, bridges, channels, highways, sewers, and pipelines for construction; to locate stations for launching and tracking satellites; and to obtain topographic information for mapping and charting. A surveyor is a professional person with the academic qualifications and technical expertise to practice the science of measurement; to assemble and assess land and geographic related information; to use that information for the purpose of planning and implementing the efficient administration of the land, the sea and structures thereon; and to instigate the advancement and development of such practices. Horizontal distances are usually assumed to be parallel to a common plane. Each measurement has both length and direction. Length is expressed in feet or in meters. Direction is expressed as a bearing of the azimuthal angle relationship to a reference meridian, which is the north-south direction. It can be the true meridian, a grid meridian, or some other assumed meridian.