140 -Usklajenost z drugimi politikami in cilji Unije Predlog dopolnjuje ukrepe EU v zvezi z osnovnimi standardi emisij onesnaževal, v zvezi z zmanjšanjem emisij s prostovoljnimi sporazumi, označevanjem ter finančnimi ukrepi, in v zvezi s spodbujanjem uvedbe biogoriv na trg. Ta direktiva je v skladu z novim pristopom Komisije na področju obdavčenja vozil. Direktiva 2003/96/ES z dne 27. oktobra 2003, ki prestrukturira ogrodje Skupnosti za obdavčenje energetskih proizvodov in elektrike, pod določenimi pogoji že dovoljuje diferencirane stopnje trošarin za alternativna goriva, na primer biogoriva, zemeljski plin in utekočinjeni naftni plin. Komisija je prav tako pred nedavnim predstavila predlog Direktive (COM(2005) 261 z dne 5. julija 2005), ki zahteva, da obdavčenje osebnih avtomobilov vsaj delno temelji na emisijah CO2, da bi spodbujali nakupe čistejših in energetsko učinkovitejših vozil. V svojem tretjem „ker“ vključuje tudi povabilo državam članicam, naj uveljavijo usklajene finančne spodbude za osebna vozila, ki izpolnjujejo zahteve glede mejnih vrednosti emisij onesnaževal, strožje od standarda Euro 4, in naj pospešijo vstop takšnih avtomobilov na trg, ki bodo izpolnjevali zahteve za prihodnost (Euro 5). Skupnost je podprla izboljšanje klasičnih tehnologij in razvoj spodaj navedenih alternativnih tehnologij za vozila iz okvirnih programov za raziskave in tehnični razvoj ter iz strukturnih skladov, Komisija pa jih je podprla v političnih dokumentih o alternativnih gorivih. a) Vozila, ki uporabljajo biogoriva ali v visokoodstotnih mešanicah v navadnih vozilih ali v visokoodstotnih mešanicah v posebej prilagojenih vozilih. b) Vozila na zemeljski plin, ki jih poganja motor, prilagojen za izgorevanje metana, glavne sestavine zemeljskega plina. c) Vozila, ki jih poganja motor z notranjim izgorevanjem na utekočinjeni naftni plin iz mešanice lahkih ogljikovodikov, pretežno propana in butana. d) Vozila, ki jih poganjajo električni motorji, ki uporabljajo energijo, shranjeno v akumulatorskih baterijah. e) Hibridna vozila, ki uporabljajo dve vrsti motorjev, motor z notranjim izgorevanjem in električni motor, kar omogoča uporabo energije zaviranja s shranjevanjem v baterijah. f) Vozila na vodik oziroma gorivne celice, ki uporabljajo vodik kot nosilec energije – ali kot gorivo v motorju z notranjim izgorevanjem ali v kemični reakciji, ki proizvede toploto in elektriko v gorivni celici. Povečana uporaba biogoriv za vozila je tudi cilj v načrtu ukrepa za biomaso, ki ga je sprejela Komisija pred kratkim (COM(2005) 628 konč.)), in ki bo dopolnjen s Sporočilom o biogorivih v začetku leta 2006. Povečanje porabe biogoriv, ki ga želi EU doseči (s ciljem 5,75% tržnega deleža do leta 2010), zahteva stabilno ogrodje, med drugim tudi večji tržni srk potrošnikov. Rastoči trg biogoriv bi dobil dodatno podporo, če bi se povečalo število vozil, ki so primerna za visokoodstotne mešanice biogoriv. Obveznosti javnih naročil za čista vozila, ki jih uvaja ta pobuda za javne organe, bodo prispevale k splošnemu izboljšanju učinkovitosti vozil, danih na trg, in spodbudile proizvajalce, da bodo vlagali v razvoj čistejših tehnologij. -

140 -Consistency with other policies and objectives of the Union The proposal will be complementary to EU measures on minimum standards of pollutant emissions, on CO2 emission reduction through voluntary agreements, labelling, and fiscal measures, and on promotion of the market introduction of biofuels. This Directive is in line with the new Commission approach in the field of vehicle taxation. In fact, Directive 2003/96/EC of 27 October 2003 restructuring the Community framework for the taxation of energy products and electricity already allows, under certain conditions, differentiated excise duty rates for alternative fuels such as biofuels, natural gas, and LPG. Also, the Commission has recently presented a proposal for a Directive (COM(2005) 261 of 5 July 2005) requiring taxation of passenger cars to be based at least partially on CO2 emissions in order to encourage the purchasing of cleaner and more energy-efficient vehicles. It also includes, in its 3rd "whereas", an invitation to Member States to apply coordinated fiscal incentives for passenger cars fulfilling stricter than Euro 4 polluting emission limits and for expediting the placing on the market of cars satisfying future requirements (Euro 5). Improvement of conventional and development of the following alternative vehicle technologies have been supported by Community funding from the research and technical development Framework Programmes and the Structural Funds, and promoted by Commission policy papers on alternative fuels: a) Vehicles using biofuels, either in high blends in ordinary vehicles or in high blends in specially adapted vehicles. b) Natural gas vehicles powered by an engine modified for the combustion of methane, the main component of natural gas. c) Vehicles powered by a combustion engine running on liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), consisting of a mixture of light hydrocarbons, mostly propane and butane. d) Vehicles powered by electrical motors using energy stored in rechargeable batteries. e) Hybrid vehicles, using two types of motors, a combustion engine and an electrical motor, allowing recovery of the braking energy with storage in batteries. f) Hydrogen/fuel cell vehicles, using hydrogen as an energy carrier either as a fuel in a combustion engine or in a chemical reaction producing heat and electricity in a fuel cell. The increased use of biofuels for vehicles is also an objective of the biomass action plan, which the Commission has recently adopted (COM(2005)628 final)), and which is to be complemented by a Communication on biofuels by early 2006. The rise in biofuels consumption, which the EU wishes to see (with a target of 5.75% market share by 2010), requires a stable framework, including increased market pull from consumers. A larger number of vehicles suited for high blend biofuels would give additional support to a broadening of the biofuel market. The clean vehicles procurement obligations introduced by this initiative for public bodies will contribute to a general improvement of the performances of the vehicles put on the market, encouraging the manufacturers to invest into the development of cleaner technologies. -