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contrary to the african practice, however, in asia there exist communities where the ritual is performed in a purely symbolic manner by placing a knife on the clitoris of the woman without actually using it or by marking the clitoris lightly with a reed.
然而亚洲的习俗与非洲的习俗不同的是,在有些社区,仅仅举行纯粹象征性的仪式,例如把一把刀放在妇女阴蒂上但并不使用,或者用芦苇在阴蒂上留个印痕。
a mother subjecting her daughter to excision imagined she was doing something good, thinking that an unexcised girl would never find a husband, and could die in childbirth because her clitoris would block the emergence of the baby's head.
让女儿接受割礼的母亲以为自己在做一件好事,认为不接受这种割礼的女孩永远都找不到丈夫,或在分娩时死亡,因为阴蒂将阻碍婴儿头部的娩出。
409. according to the classification of the world health organization, the form of excision which is most practiced corresponds to types i and ii, namely: i - the excision of the female prepuce (labia majora) with or without the partial or the total removal of the clitoris; ii - the excision of the prepuce and of the clitoris and the partial or total removal of the labia minora.
409. 根据世界卫生组织的分类,最常见的割阴礼形式为i和ii类,即i- 需要或不需要部分或全部切除阴蒂的包皮切除;ii- 包皮和阴蒂切除以及部分或全部切除小阴唇。