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depuis les travaux de clemmer en 1940 puis de sykes à la fin des années cinquante, un amoncellement de recherches a vu le jour sur les effets de la prisonniérisation (assimilation à la sous-culture carcérale et à la déprivation des normes sociales) (gillespie, ibid; jones et schmid, ibid; zingraff, ibid). prisonniérisation qui, quelles que soient les dispositions et mesures prises par l'administration pénitentiaire, ne peut pas ne pas avoir d'impact sur le personnel (trotter, 1999; ramirez, ibid).
from the time of clemmer's work in 1940 to that of sykes in the late 50s, there has been a series of studies on the effects of prisonization, or assimilation into the prison subculture and deprivation of social norms (gillespie, ibid.; jones and schmid, ibid.; zingraff, ibid.). regardless of the provisions and measures taken by the penitentiary administration, prisonization cannot fail to have an impact on prison staff (trotter, 1999; ramirez, ibid.). as shown by etzioni in 1961, people who are new to an organization bring with them cultural baggage, well-entrenched habits, and acquired behaviours in terms of identification and perceptions, with or without outside influences from family, friends and acquaintances.
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