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if the machine is allowed to have multiple tape heads, it can parse any language in l or nl, according to whether nondeterminism is allowed.
اگر ماشین مجاز به داشتن چندین کلاهک باشد، با توجه به مجاز بودن یا نبودن عدم قطعیت، می‌تواند هر زبانی درl یا nl را تجزیه کند.
www.nature.com/scientificreports scientific reports natureresearch check for updates open mathematical model of blood glucose dynamics by emulating the pathophysiology of glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus nelida elizabeth lópez-palau-2 & josé manuel olais-govea2,34 mathematical modelling has established itself as a theoretical tool to understand fundamental aspects of a variety of medical-biological phenomena. the predictive power of mathematical models on some chronic conditions has been helpful in its proper prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. such is the case of the modelling of glycaemic dynamics in type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm), whose physiology-based mathematical models have captured the metabolic abnormalities of this disease. through a physiology-based pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic approach, this work addresses a mathematical model whose structure starts from a model of blood glucose dynamics in healthy humans. this proposal is capable of emulating the pathophysiology of t2dm metabolism, including the effect of gastric emptying and insulin enhancing effect due to incretin hormones. the incorporation of these effects lies in the implemented methodology since the mathematical functions that represent metabolic rates, with a relevant contribution to hyperglycaemia, are adjusting individually to the clinical data of patients with t2dm. numerically, the resulting model successfully simulates a scheduled graded intravenous glucose test and oral glucose tolerance tests at different doses. the comparison between simulations and clinical data shows an acceptable description of the blood glucose dynamics in t2dm. it opens the possibility of using this model to develop model-based controllers for the regulation of blood glucose in t2dm. for some decades, mathematical models have been used in biological sciences to understand diverse aspects of diabetes mellitus (dm)'. for example, dm progression, diagnostic test evaluations, long-term micro and macrovascular complications, and blood glucose dynamics , among others, have been modeled. particularly, mathematical models to emulate blood glucose dynamics in dm have been classified, according to the complexity of their description, in two major groups". the first group considers the whole-body models developed under a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (pkpd) approach, which is characterized by being structurally simple with a limited physiological interpretation. the second group considers the physiological based pkpd (pb-pkpd) models, which mathematically describe the physiological interactions between different subsystems of the human body. due to its structural simplicity, most of the models in the literature are pkpd!. although these models are widely used, they do not include most of the processes responsible for glucose homeostasis. hence, its use to model complex processes in dm, such as the dm pathophysiology, is limited and, it induces a trend toward the development of pb-pkpd models. these models have focused on emulating the metabolic processes involved in glucose homeostasis, and are usually organ-based. moreover, the pb-pkpd models of blood glucose dynamics in type 1 dm (t1dm) have been useful to synthesize model-based controllers for blood glucose regulation in tidm 2-16. however, type 2 dm (t2dm) affects multiple subsystems of the body and, consequently, the mathematical representation of the metabolic abnormalities in t2dm is challenging" división de matemáticas aplicadas, ipicyt, camino a la presa san josé no. 2055, lomas cuarta sección, 78216 san luis potosí, slp, mexico. tecnologico de monterrey, escuela de ingenieria y ciencias, av. eugenio garza sada 300,78211 san luis potosí, slp, mexico. "tecnologico de monterrey, writing lab, teclab, vicerrectoria de investigación y transferencia de tecnología, 64849 monterrey, nl, mexico.-email: olais@tec.mx scientific reportsi (2020) 10:12697 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-69629-0
www.nature.com/scientificreports گزارش‌های علمی تحقیق در مورد به‌روزرسانی‌ها را بررسی کنید open مدل ریاضی دینامیک گلوکز خون با شبیه‌سازی پاتوفیزیولوژی متابولیسم گلوکز در دیابت نوع 2 نلیدا الیزابت لوپز پالائو 2
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