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electronystagmography
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benign positional vertigo is the most common type of vertigo. vertigo is the feeling that you are spinning or that everything is spinning around you. it may occur when you move your head in a certain position. causes benign positional vertigo is also called benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (bppv). it is caused by a problem in the inner ear. the inner ear has fluid-filled tubes called semicircular canals. when you move, the fluid moves inside these tubes. the canals are very sensitive to any movement of the fluid. the sensation of the fluid moving in the tube tells your brain the position of your body. this helps you keep your balance. bppv occurs when a small piece of bone-like calcium breaks free and floats inside the tube. this sends confusing messages to your brain about your body's position. bppv has no major risk factors. however, your risk for developing bppv may increase if you have: family members with bppv had a prior head injury (even a slight bump to the head) had an inner ear infection called labyrinthitis symptoms bppv symptoms include: feeling like you are spinning or moving feeling like the world is spinning around you loss of balance nausea and vomiting hearing loss vision problems, such as a feeling that things are jumping or moving the spinning sensation: is usually triggered by moving your head often starts suddenly lasts a few seconds to minutes certain positions can trigger the spinning feeling: rolling over in bed tilting your head up to look at something exams and tests to diagnose bppv, your health care provider may perform a test called the dix-hallpike maneuver. your provider holds your head in a certain position. then you are asked to lie quickly backward over a table. as you do this, your provider will look for abnormal eye movements and ask if you feel like you are spinning. if the dix-hallpike test doesn't show a clear result, you may be asked to do other tests. your provider will do a physical exam and ask about your medical history. you may have brain and nervous system (neurological) tests to rule out other causes. these may include: eeg electronystagmography (eng) head ct head mri hearing test magnetic resonance angiography of the head warming and cooling the inner ear with water or air to test eye movements. this is called caloric stimulation. treatment your provider will do a procedure called epley's maneuver. it can move the small piece of calcium that is floating inside your inner ear. this treatment works best to cure bppv. other exercises don't work as well. some medicines can help relieve spinning sensations. antihistamines anticholinergics sedative-hypnotics however, these medicines often do not work well for treating vertigo. to keep your symptoms from getting worse, avoid the positions that trigger it. outlook (prognosis) bppv is uncomfortable, but it can usually be treated with epley's maneuver. it may come back again without warning. possible complications people with severe vertigo may get dehydrated due to frequent vomiting. when to contact a medical professional call your health care provider if: you develop vertigo treatment for vertigo doesn't work get immediate medical help if you also have symptoms such as: weakness slurred speech vision problems these may be signs of a more serious condition. prevention avoid head positions that trigger positional vertigo. alternative names vertigo - positional; benign paroxysmal positional vertigo; bppv: dizziness- positional references bhattacharyya n, baugh rf, orvidas l, barrs d, bronston lj, cass s, et al. clinical practice guideline: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. otolaryngology: head & neck surgery. 2008; 139 (5 suppl 4): s47-s81. crane bt, schessel da, nedzelski j, minor lb. peripheral vestibular disorders. in: cummings cw, flint pw, haughey bh, et al, eds. otolaryngology: head & neck surgery. 5th ed. philadelphia, pa: mosby elsevier; 2010:chap 165. post re, dickerson lm. dizziness: a diagnostic approach. am fam physician. 2010;82:361-369. update date: 9/25/2013 updated by: joseph v. campellone, md, department of neurology, cooper university hospital, camden, nj. review provided by verimed healthcare network. also reviewed by david zieve, md, mha, bethanne black, and the a.d.a.m. editorial team. browse the encyclopedia medlineplus topics dizziness and vertigo read more dizziness a.d.a.m quality logo a.d.a.m., inc. is accredited by urac, also known as the american accreditation healthcare commission (www.urac.org). urac's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that a.d.a.m. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. a.d.a.m. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. learn more about a.d.a.m.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy. a.d.a.m. is also a founding member of hi-ethics and subscribes to the principles of the health on the net foundation (www.hon.ch). the information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. a licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. call 911 for all medical emergencies. links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. copyright 1997-2015, a.d.a.m., inc. duplication for commercial use must be authorized in writing by adam health solutions. a.d.a.m logo mobile version get email updates subscribe to rss follow us on twitter disclaimers copyright privacy accessibility quality guidelines viewers & players u.s. national library of medicine 8600 rockville pike, bethesda, md 20894 u.s. department of health and human services national institutes of health page last updated: 12 january 2015 tor
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