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Последнее обновление: 2021-06-23
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taylor & francia group effects of diets and their role in weight control isaac amigo & concepciÓn fernÁndez department of psychology, university of oviedo abstract this study examines the secondary effects of hypocaloric diets. the results show that the positive short-term effects with regards health are not maintained in the long term, as most people eventually return to their original weight. a description is given of how psychological reasons are more important than biological mechanisms when explaining this failure and stress is put on how carrying out successive hypocaloric diets can result in a subgroup of people becoming overweight or obese. nore, an analysis is made of the relationship between diets, eating disorders and the ''yo-yo effect", which is in turn associated with a rise in morbimortality due to a wide range of causes. as an alternative to the indiscriminate use of hypocaloric diets, a strategy based on the modification of lifestyle is suggested in order to control weight and improve health. keywords: diets, eating disorders, health, lifestyle, yo-yo effect lotroduction the lifestyle of western society is causing a sudden and drastic increase in the percentage of people who are overweight or obese. in fact, in the developed world, around half of the population is overweight or obese. epidemiological studies show that this problem is becoming more serious with the passing of time (ekblom, oddson & ekblom, 2004; flegal, ogden & carroll, 2004; kauriainen, rimpela, vikat, virtanen, 2002). it is now a problem even in developing countries such as china, where, already, 7% of the population suffer from obesity. the reason for this increase in the weight of the population is to be found in the imbalance between the consumption of calories and energy expenditure, the availability of high-calorie foods and of very large portions, and also the decrease in physical activity at work and in leisure time. in this cultural context, hypocaloric diets, designed to help lose weight rapidly by means of a drastic reduction in the consumption of calories and prohibiting certain types of food, have become tremendously popular. however, this type of diet has not only become fashionable in western societies for health reasons, but also for reasons of personal attractiveness, which is nowadays inextricably linked to being slim (conner, johnson & grogan, 2004). the reason for this possibly lies in the fact that less and less people manage to keep themselves within a normal body mass index throughout their lives. it is not surprising, therefore, that the majority of people in western society, over 70%, admit to being in the process of trying either to lose weight or to maintain their present
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