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alors que ces dernières contiennent de nombreux passages stratégiques et fortifications, les khitans ont désormais accès aux plaines du nord de la chine.
since the sixteen prefectures contained numerous strategic passes and fortifications, the khitans now had unrestricted access to the plains of northern china.
=== abaoji et l'ascension des khitans ===abaoji, le futur empereur liao taizu, est né en 872.
=== abaoji and the rise of the khitans ===abaoji (mongolian: ambagyan), who later became emperor taizu of liao, was born in 872, the son of the chief of the yila tribe.
en 1089, boukhara et samarcande ont été occupé par les seldjoukides. de 1124 à 1218, lavallée de fergana se retrouva dans la possession des tribus de kara-khitans..
in 1089, bukhara and samarkand were occupied by the seljuks. from 1124 to 1218, the valley of fergana found itself in the possession of the tribes of kara-khitans.
au contraire, il attribue la chute des liao aux capacités de dirigeant d'aguda et aux actions des clans khitans yelü et xiao, qui ont servi de prétextes à ce dernier pour renverser tianzou.
mote instead attributes the fall of the liao to the leadership ability of aguda and to the actions of the khitan yelü and xiao clans, which used early defeats at the hand of aguda as a pretext for plotting the overthrow of emperor tianzou.
ce dernier, sentant que le processus de succession s'annonce difficile, force les dirigeants khitans à prêter allégeance à yelü bei après l'avoir désigné comme héritier.
taizu, sensing the possibility that the succession process would run into difficulty, forced the khitan leadership to swear allegiance to yelü bei after he was installed as heir apparent.
les song sont alors forcés de payer un tribut aux khitans, même si celui-ci a une faible incidence sur leur économie puisque les khitans sont largement dépendants de l'importation des marchandises produites par leur ennemi.
the song were forced to provide tribute to the khitans, although paying this tribute did little damage to the overall song economy since the khitans were heavily dependent upon importing massive amounts of goods from the song.