您搜索了: positive (英语 - 索马里语)

and yet if you knew with positive knowledge
haddaad dhab ahaan wax u ogtihiin (waad dayn lahaydeen xumaanta).

i appreciate the positive response and the successor to the last phase of left
aad baan kaaga mahad celinayaa jawaabta wanaagsan waxaana codsnaynaa inaad noo soodaysaan wajigii ugu danbeeyey ee hadhay

on the other hand, cured patients can be positive for the virus again.
dhinaca kale, bukaanada la daweeyay waa laga heli karaa cudurka markale.

coronaviruses contain a positive-sense, single-stranded rna genome.
cabirka genome ee coronavirus waxa uu ka kooban yahay 26.4 ilaa 31.7 kiloobaas.

about half the people testing positive had no symptoms, and all discovered cases were quarantined.
iyada oo xadidaad la saari doono saxdaalka, tani waxay gebi ahaanba meesha ka saaraysaa xanuunka.

all south korean military bases were quarantined after tests confirmed that three soldiers were positive for the virus.
jadwalka diyaaradaha ayaa sidoo kale la saameeyay sidaas awgeed waa la badalay.kuuriyada koonfureed ayaa soo saartaywax loo arkaayay barnaamijka ugu weyn uguna abaabulitaan fiican aduunka oo dhan kaas oo looga baadhayo shacabka fayraska, laguna karantiilayo qof kasta oo qaaday caabuqa sidoo lagu dabagalayo laguna karantiilayo kuwa la macaamilay ayaga.

in early march, five adults associated with a nursing facility for preschool children in kobe tested positive for coronavirus.
kadib markii la baadhay boqolaal caruur ah oo ku jiray xarumaha, waxaa ardayda aan gaadhin waxbarashada la ogaaday inay qabaan xanuunka.

as of 26 march 2020 the total number of tests performed in germany was unknown, because only positive results are reported.
xog uruurinta shaybaadhka ugu horeeyay ee markaa dhacday todobaadka 12/2020 wadarta 483,295 oo muunadood ayaa la baadhay oo waxaa ku jira todobaadka 12/2020 iyo 33,491 oo muunadood (6.9%) shaybaadh oo laga heley sars-cov-2. israa'iil, cilmi baadhayaasha technion iyo isbitaalka rambam waxa ay sameeyeen oo ay tijaabiyeen qaab lagu baadhayo muunadaha 64 bukaan oo isbarbar socda, iyada oo markaa isku daray muunadaha oo kaliya baadhitaan dheeraad ah ku samaynaya hadii natiijada laga helo. wuhan meel 2000 oo mitir iskuwareeg ah oo shaybaadh lagula socdo xaalada degdeg ah oo loo yaqaan "huo-yan" (jauniiska: xxxx, ama "isha dabka" ingiriisi ahaan) ayay la furay 5 febraayo 2020 bgi, kaas oo ka shaqayn kara wax ka badan 10,000 oo muunadood maalintii.

if these screening enquiries are positive, the patient would be advised to not come to the practice but instead to follow the phe flow sheet.
hadii su'aalahan baaritaanadan lagaa helay, bukaanka waxaa lagu waaniyaa inay u yimaadaan dhaqan gelinta laakiin taa badelkeeda inay raacaan qulqulka xaashimaadaha.

since this does not require a series of alternating temperature cycles this method can deliver positive results in as little as five minutes and negative results in 13 minutes.
waxaa wakhti xaadirkan jira ilaa 18,000 oo mishiinadan ah oo maraykanka yaala oo abbott waxa looga fadhiyaa in ay soo saarto ilaa 50,000 oo shaybaadh maalintii. shaybaadhadaas oo la isticmaali dooo antiboodhi kaliya kaas oo markaa u gaar ah borootiinta nucleocapsid (botootiinta n) ee novel coronavirus taas oo markaa lagu sameenayo taywaan, iyada oo la rajanaynayo in laga heli karo natiijada 15 ilaa 20 daqiiqo gudaheed sida shaybaadhka badan ee hargabka oo kale.

the rcgp rsc will explore ways to collect convalescent samples from any patients tested positive for covid-19 through the extension of the virological surveillance.
rcgp rsc waxay baari doontaa qaabab si loo aruuriyo sambalada dadka kasoo bogsanaya ee qof kasta oo laga helay covid-19 iyadoo u maraysa balaadhinta kor joogtaynta daarasada fayras ahaaneed.

but he was not long in coming, and reported: "i have been around where you have not been. i come from saba with positive news.
markaasuu muddo yar maqnaa markaasu yidhi (markuu yimid) waxaan ogaaday waxaadan ogaanin, waxaana kaaga keenay reesaba war yaqiina.

the outbreak was confirmed to have spread to italy on 31 january, when two chinese tourists tested positive for sars-cov-2 in rome.
kiisaska ayaa bilawday in ay si xawli ah kor ugu kacaan, kaas oo ku sababay dawlada iran in ay joojiso dhamaan duulimaadyada diyaaradaha ee aadaya kana imaanaya shiinaha waxayna ku dhawaaqday xaalad dagdag ah.

in the following chart, the column “positive as % of tests” is influenced by the country's testing policy.
dalka kaliya baadha dadka la dhigaqy isbitaalka waxa laga heleyaa % badan oo shaybaadhka dalka baadhay dhamaan dadkiisa, hadii ay leeyihiin calaamado iyo hadii kaleba, marka laga tago inay waxa iskaga mid noqonayaan.

immunity is seen as likely, based on the behaviour of other coronaviruses, but cases in which recovery from covid-19 have been followed by positive tests for coronavirus at a later date have been reported.
kiisaskan waxaa loo arkayaa inay kasii daraan caabuqa kalka ay dib caabuq kale u noqon lahaayeen.

a country that only tests people admitted to hospitals will have a higher positive as % of tests than a country that tests all citizens, whether or not they are showing symptoms, other things being equal.
gacmo maydhiga (ama gacmomaydhiga), oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano nadiifinta gacmaha, waxaa weeye sharci uu qofku ku nadiifinayo gacmiisa si uu markaa uga nadiifiyo ciida, saliid ijiinta, cayayaanka, iyo wixii kale ee wasakh ah.

it has been reported that sars-cov-2 can also bind to ace2-positive cholangiocytes, which might lead to liver dysfunctions in covid-19 patients.
waxaa lasoo sheegay in sars-cov-2 inuu sidoo kale ku dhagi karo ace2-posittive cholangiocytes, kaas oo sababi kara hawlgabka wadnaha ee bukaanada covid-19.

acknowledgment ................................................................................................................... i table of contents .................................................................................................................. ii chapter one: shock ............................................................................................................. 1 introduction ................................................................................................. 1 classification .............................................................................................. 1 patho physiology of shock ......................................................................... 2 management of shock ................................................................................ 3 complications of shock .............................................................................. 4 chapter two: fluid and electolytes ..................................................................................... 5 introduction ................................................................................................. 5 normal distribution of body fluids .............................................................. 5 disturbances of fluid and electrolytes ........................................................ 7 acid – base balance ................................................................................... 12 review questions ....................................................................................... 15 references .................................................................................................. 16 chapter three: blood transfusion ....................................................................................... 17 indications for blood transfusion ............................................................... 17 compatibility tests ...................................................................................... 17 component therapy ................................................................................... 18 review questions ....................................................................................... 21 references .................................................................................................. 22 chapter four: pre-operative and post-operative care ...................................................... 23 introduction ................................................................................................. 23 general consideration ............................................................................... 23 assessment and minimization of surgical risks ........................................ 24 post-operative care, complications and their treatment ......................... 26 post operative intestinal obstruction ......................................................... 31 hematoma, abscess and seromas ............................................................ 33 review questions ....................................................................................... 34 references .................................................................................................. 35 chapter five: aseptic and antisepic techniques ................................................................ 36 introduction ................................................................................................. 36 choice of antiseptic ................................................................................... 37 review questions ....................................................................................... 41 references .................................................................................................. 42 chapter six: suture materials and suturing ......................................................................... 43 types of suture materials ........................................................................... 43 suturing techniques ................................................................................... 44 iii chapter seven: wounds- wound healing and care ........................................................... 47 introduction ................................................................................................. 47 wound healing ............................................................................................ 47 wound assessment and classification ....................................................... 49 wound management ................................................................................... 50 crush and avulsion wounds ....................................................................... 53 wound complications ................................................................................. 55 review questions ....................................................................................... 57 key to the review questions ..................................................................... 59 references .................................................................................................. 60 chapter eight: surgical infections ........................................................................................ 61 introduction ................................................................................................. 61 classification .............................................................................................. 62 pathogenesis .............................................................................................. 62 specific types of infections ........................................................................ 64 review questions ....................................................................................... 73 key to the review questions ..................................................................... 75 references .................................................................................................. 76 chapter nine: trauma .......................................................................................................... 77 introduction ................................................................................................. 77 treatment priorities ..................................................................................... 78 road traffic accidents ................................................................................ 79 firearm injuries ........................................................................................... 80 burn injuries ......................................................................................... 81 review questions ....................................................................................... 84 references .................................................................................................. 85 head and spinal injuries ............................................................................ 86 head injury .................................................................................................. 86 brain injuries ............................................................................................... 87 spinal cord injuries ..................................................................................... 90 review questions ....................................................................................... 92 references .................................................................................................. 93 chapter ten: orthopedic surgery ........................................................................................ 94 introduction ................................................................................................. 94 infections of bones and joints .................................................................... 94 fractures ..................................................................................................... 97 dislocations ................................................................................................. 102 amputations ................................................................................................ 103 review questions ....................................................................................... 105 references .................................................................................................. 106 chapter eleven: anesthesia................................................................................................. 107 pre-anesthetic patient evaluation and preparation .................................... 107 iv cardiopulmonary resuscitation .................................................................. 111 systemic (general) anesthesia .................................................................. 115 regional anesthesia ................................................................................... 118 review questions ....................................................................................... 124 references .................................................................................................. 125 systemic surgery chapter one: the thyroid gland ......................................................................................... 126 thyroid enlargement: goiter ....................................................................... 126 neoplasms of the thyroid ........................................................................... 130 review questions ....................................................................................... 132 references .................................................................................................. 133 chapter two: the breast ..................................................................................................... 134 introduction ................................................................................................. 134 anatomy ..................................................................................................... 134 breast lumps .............................................................................................. 135 carcinoma of the breast ............................................................................. 137 review questions ....................................................................................... 140 references .................................................................................................. 141 chapter three: the chest ................................................................................................... 142 introduction ................................................................................................. 142 upper airway obstruction ........................................................................... 142 tracheostomy ............................................................................................. 143 chest injuries .............................................................................................. 146 pneumothorax ............................................................................................. 149 hemothorax ................................................................................................. 149 tube thoracostomy (chest tube) .............................................................. 150 empyema and lung abscess ..................................................................... 152 lung abscess .............................................................................................. 154 review questions ....................................................................................... 156 references .................................................................................................. 157 chapter four: gastrointestinal tract .................................................................................... 158 introduction ................................................................................................. 158 upper gastrointestinal bleeding ................................................................. 159 colorectal tumors ....................................................................................... 164 common perianal conditions ..................................................................... 166 anal fissure (fissure in ano) .................................................................... 170 hemorrhoids (piles) .................................................................................... 171 references .................................................................................................. 175 acute abdomen ........................................................................................... 176 intestinal obstruction .................................................................................. 177 sigmoid volvulus ......................................................................................... 179 v appendicitis ................................................................................................. 180 peritonitis .................................................................................................... 183 hepato biliary diseases .............................................................................. 185 hydatid cyst of the liver ............................................................................. 187 diseases of gall bladder and biliary tree .................................................. 189 obstructive jaundice................................................................................... 193 review questions ....................................................................................... 197 abdominal wall hernias ............................................................................. 198 introduction ................................................................................................. 198 risk factors for abdominal wall hernia development ............................... 199 specific types of hernia ............................................................................. 200 review questions ....................................................................................... 204 references .................................................................................................. 205 stomach and duodenum ............................................................................ 206 introduction ................................................................................................. 206 peptic ulcer disease ................................................................................... 206 gastric cancer ............................................................................................ 211 review questions ....................................................................................... 213 dysphagia ............................................................................................. 214 introduction ................................................................................................. 214 dysphagia ................................................................................................... 214 carcinoma of the esophagus...................................................................... 215 review questions ....................................................................................... 218 references .................................................................................................. 219 chapter five: urology .......................................................................................................... 220 introduction ................................................................................................. 220 urinary symptoms and investigations of urinary tract problems .............. 220 acute renal failure (anuria/oliguria) ......................................................... 222 disorder of the kidneys and ureters ........................................................... 223 urinary tract infection ................................................................................. 224 renal tuberculosis ..................................................................................... 226 urinary bladder ........................................................................................... 230 bladder cancer ........................................................................................... 231 benign prostatic hyperplasia ...................................................................... 231 the urethra and penis ................................................................................ 233 urethral stricture ......................................................................................... 234 review questions ....................................................................................... 238 references .................................................................................................. 239 1 chapter one shock learning objectives at the end of this chapter, each student should be able to: • state the clinical definition of shock • list the chief characteristics and causes of all types of shock • describe the clinical symptoms and signs that are indicative of shock • list the immediate treatment measures to prevent complications introduction shock is a life-threatening condition which occurs when the circulatory system fails to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the body tissues and becomes unable to remove waste products from the body. it is a descriptive term based on the symptoms and signs secondary to one or more of a wide range of problems. if not recognized and corrected as early as possible, shock may rapidly progress to an irreversible state with subsequent multi-organ failure and death. definition shock is defined as a pathological state causing inadequate oxygen delivery to the peripheral tissues and resulting in lactic acidosis, cellular hypoxia and disruption of normal metabolic condition. classification shock is generally classified into three major categories: 1. hypovolemic shock 2. cardiogenic shock 3. distributive shock distributive shock is further subdivided into three subgroups: a. septic shock b. neurogenic shock c. anaphylactic shock hypovolemic shock is present when marked reduction in oxygen delivery results from diminished cardiac output secondary to inadequate vascular volume. in general, it results from loss of fluid from circulation, either directly or indirectly. 2 e.g. ▪ hemorrhage 􀂃 loss of plasma due to burns 􀂃 loss of water and electrolytes in diarrhea 􀂃 third space loss (internal fluid shift into inflammatory exudates in the peritoneum, such as in pancreatitis.) cardiogenic shock is present when there is severe reduction in oxygen delivery secondary to impaired cardiac function. usually it is due to myocardial infarction or pericardial tamponade. septic shock (vasogenic shock) develops as a result of the systemic effect of infection. it is the result of a septicemia with endotoxin and exotoxin release by gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. despite normal or increased cardiac output and oxygen delivery, cellular oxygen consumption is less than normal due to impaired extraction as a result of impaired metabolism. neurogenic shock results primarily from the disruption of the sympathetic nervous system which may be due to pain or loss of sympathetic tone, as in spinal cord injuries. patho physiology of shock shock stimulates a physiologic response. this circulatory response to hypotension is to cons
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