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and if you call them to guidance , they hear not and you will see them looking at you , yet they see not .
« ወደ ቅንም መንገድ ( እንዲመሩዋችሁ ) ብትጠሩዋቸው አይሰሙም ፤ » ( በላቸው ) ፡ ፡ እነርሱንም የማያዩ ሲኾኑ ወደ አንተ ሲመለከቱ ታያቸዋለህ ፡ ፡

and if you call them to guidance , they will not hear . and you see them looking at you , yet they do not see .
« ወደ ቅንም መንገድ ( እንዲመሩዋችሁ ) ብትጠሩዋቸው አይሰሙም ፤ » ( በላቸው ) ፡ ፡ እነርሱንም የማያዩ ሲኾኑ ወደ አንተ ሲመለከቱ ታያቸዋለህ ፡ ፡

and if you call them to guidance , they follow you not . it is the same for you whether you call them or you keep silent .
( ጣዖቶቹን ) ወደ ቅን መንገድ ብትጠሩዋቸውም አይከተሉዋችሁም ፡ ፡ ብትጠሩዋቸው ወይም እናንተ ዝምተኞችም ብትኾኑ በእናንተ ላይ እኩል ነው ፡ ፡

and if you invite them to guidance , they do not hear ; and you see them looking towards you , yet they do not see .
« ወደ ቅንም መንገድ ( እንዲመሩዋችሁ ) ብትጠሩዋቸው አይሰሙም ፤ » ( በላቸው ) ፡ ፡ እነርሱንም የማያዩ ሲኾኑ ወደ አንተ ሲመለከቱ ታያቸዋለህ ፡ ፡

if you call them to guidance , they will not follow you : it is the same to you whether you call them or whether you are silent .
( ጣዖቶቹን ) ወደ ቅን መንገድ ብትጠሩዋቸውም አይከተሉዋችሁም ፡ ፡ ብትጠሩዋቸው ወይም እናንተ ዝምተኞችም ብትኾኑ በእናንተ ላይ እኩል ነው ፡ ፡

and if you call them to true guidance , they will not follow you . it is all the same for you whether you call them to true guidance or keep silent .
( ጣዖቶቹን ) ወደ ቅን መንገድ ብትጠሩዋቸውም አይከተሉዋችሁም ፡ ፡ ብትጠሩዋቸው ወይም እናንተ ዝምተኞችም ብትኾኑ በእናንተ ላይ እኩል ነው ፡ ፡

and if you invite them to guidance , they will not follow you . it is the same for you , whether you invite them , or remain silent .
( ጣዖቶቹን ) ወደ ቅን መንገድ ብትጠሩዋቸውም አይከተሉዋችሁም ፡ ፡ ብትጠሩዋቸው ወይም እናንተ ዝምተኞችም ብትኾኑ በእናንተ ላይ እኩል ነው ፡ ፡

and if you were to call them to true guidance , they will not hear ; and you observe them looking at you whereas they have no power to see . '
« ወደ ቅንም መንገድ ( እንዲመሩዋችሁ ) ብትጠሩዋቸው አይሰሙም ፤ » ( በላቸው ) ፡ ፡ እነርሱንም የማያዩ ሲኾኑ ወደ አንተ ሲመለከቱ ታያቸዋለህ ፡ ፡

and if you [ believers ] invite them to guidance , they will not follow you . it is all the same for you whether you invite them or you are silent .
( ጣዖቶቹን ) ወደ ቅን መንገድ ብትጠሩዋቸውም አይከተሉዋችሁም ፡ ፡ ብትጠሩዋቸው ወይም እናንተ ዝምተኞችም ብትኾኑ በእናንተ ላይ እኩል ነው ፡ ፡

( muhammad ) , if you invite them to the right guidance , they will not listen to you . you will see them looking at you but they do not really see .
« ወደ ቅንም መንገድ ( እንዲመሩዋችሁ ) ብትጠሩዋቸው አይሰሙም ፤ » ( በላቸው ) ፡ ፡ እነርሱንም የማያዩ ሲኾኑ ወደ አንተ ሲመለከቱ ታያቸዋለህ ፡ ፡

if their turning away is hard upon you , seek if you can , a tunnel in the ground or a ladder to the sky by which you can bring them a sign . had allah willed , he would gather them to guidance .
( ኢስላምን ) መተዋቸውም ባንተ ላይ ከባድ ቢኾንብህ በምድር ውስጥ ቀዳዳን ወይም በሰማይ ውስጥ መሰላልን ልትፈልግና በተአምር ልትመጣቸው ብትችል ( አድርግ ) ፡ ፡ አላህም በሻ ኖሮ በቅኑ መንገድ ላይ በሰበሳባቸው ነበር ፡ ፡ ከተሳሳቱትም ሰዎች በፍጹም አትኹን ፡ ፡

if you disclose your charities , that is well , but if you hide them and give them to the poor , that is better for you , and it will atone for some of your misdeeds , and allah is well aware of what you do .
ምጽዋቶችን ብትገልጹ እርሷ ምንኛ መልካም ናት ፡ ፡ ብትደብቋትና ለድኾች ብትሰጧትም እርሱ ለናንተ በላጭ ነው ፡ ፡ ከኃጢአቶቻችሁም ከእናንተ ያብሳል ፡ ፡ አላህም በምትሠሩት ሁሉ ውስጠ ዐዋቂ ነው ፡ ፡

if you find their rejection hard to bear , then if you can , seek a tunnel into the earth , or a stairway into the heaven , and bring them a sign . had god willed , he could have gathered them to guidance .
( ኢስላምን ) መተዋቸውም ባንተ ላይ ከባድ ቢኾንብህ በምድር ውስጥ ቀዳዳን ወይም በሰማይ ውስጥ መሰላልን ልትፈልግና በተአምር ልትመጣቸው ብትችል ( አድርግ ) ፡ ፡ አላህም በሻ ኖሮ በቅኑ መንገድ ላይ በሰበሳባቸው ነበር ፡ ፡ ከተሳሳቱትም ሰዎች በፍጹም አትኹን ፡ ፡

and we turned them to the right and to the left , while their dog stretched his forelegs at the entrance . if you had looked at them , you would have turned from them in flight and been filled by them with terror .
እነሱም የተኙ ሆነው ሳሉ ( ዓይኖቻቸው በመከፈታቸው ) ንቁዎች ናቸው ብለህ ታስባቸዋለህ ፡ ፡ ወደ ቀኝ ጎንና ወደ ግራ ጎንም እናገላብጣቸዋለን ፡ ፡ ውሻቸውም ሁለት ክንዶቹን በዋሻው በር ላይ ዘርግቷል ፡ ፡ በእነሱ ላይ ዘልቀህ ብታይ ኖሮ የምትሸሽ ኾነህ በዞርክ ነበር ፡ ፡ ከእነሱም በእርግጥ ፍርሃትን በተመላህ ነበር ፡ ፡

and if you call them to guidance they do not listen ; and you ( prophet mohammed peace and – blessings be upon him ) observe them looking towards you , whereas they do not perceive anything .
« ወደ ቅንም መንገድ ( እንዲመሩዋችሁ ) ብትጠሩዋቸው አይሰሙም ፤ » ( በላቸው ) ፡ ፡ እነርሱንም የማያዩ ሲኾኑ ወደ አንተ ሲመለከቱ ታያቸዋለህ ፡ ፡

and he taught adam all the names , then presented them to the angels ; then he said : tell me the names of those if you are right .
አደምንም ስሞችን ሁሏንም አስተማረው ፡ ፡ ከዚያም በመላእክት ላይ ( ተጠሪዎቹን ) አቀረባቸው ፡ ፡ « እውነተኞችም እንደኾናችሁ የነዚህን ( ተጠሪዎች ) ስሞች ንገሩኝ » አላቸው ፡ ፡

and who is more unjust than he who is reminded of the communications of his lord , then he turns away from them and forgets what his two hands have sent before ? surely we have placed veils over their hearts lest they should understand it and a heaviness in their ears ; and if you call them to the guidance , they will not ever follow the right course in that case .
በጌታውም አንቀጾች ከተገሰጸና ከእርሷ ከዞረ እጆቹም ያስቀደሙትን ነገር ከረሳ ሰው ይበልጥ በዳይ ማነው እኛ በልቦቻቸው ላይ እንዳያውቁት ሺፋኖችን በጆሮዎቻቸውም ውስጥ ድንቁርናን አደረግን ፡ ፡ ወደ መመራትም ብትጠራቸው ያን ጊዜ ፈጽሞ አይምመሩም ፡ ፡

free online english to tam i. structured questionnaire (english version) questionnaire on assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice about menstruation and menstrual hygiene among secondary high school girls at nekemte town, western ethiopia, 2014. consent form that certify the respondents agreement before the interview 01. name of the school _______________________________________ 03. questionnaire identification number__________________________ dear respondent, we are interested in learning more about your knowledge, attitude and practice about menstruation and menstrual hygiene. this questionnaire is designed for a research work approved by wollega university. we hope you will help us by completing this survey. none of your answers will be available to anyone at any time. all the information you give us will be kept private. do not put your name anywhere on this questionnaire. if you decide not to participate or complete the form, you may end filling the questionnaire at any time you want however, we really need your honest response to better understand knowledge, attitude and practice about menstruation and menstrual hygiene in high school girl students. the results of the study would hopefully serve as an important input to intervention programs that aim at improving adolescent girls health in general and students in high school in particular. it will take you 35-40minutes to complete the whole questionnaire. we thank you in advance for taking your time to respond to our questions! would you be willing to participate in the study? agree disagree if you decide not to participate in the study, please return the questionnaire to the supervisor/investigator. questionnaire form identification no _______________________ instruction: circle the responses or write the appropriate answer on the space provided. part i : socio-demographic variables s.no questions option/response remark school 101 age __________(in years) 102 grade 1. ninth 2. tenth 103 ethnicity 1. oromo 2. amhara 3. gurage 4. tigrae 5. other(specify )_______________ 104 religion 1. protestant 2. orthodox 3. catholic 4. muslim 5. others(specify)_____________ 105 whom do you live with at present?(more than one answer is possible) 1. with my mother and father 2. with my mother only 3. with my father only 4. with step mother and my father 5. with step father and my mother 6. with relatives 7. with friends 8. alone 9. other(specify) 106 what is your father’s educational level? 1. illiterate (cannot read and write) 2. literate (able to read and write) 3. primary school – 1- 4 grade 4. primary school – 5- 8 grade 5. secondary school 6. college diploma and above 107 what is your mother’s educational level? 1. illiterate (cannot read and write) 2. literate (able to read and write) 3. primary school – 1- 4 grade 4. primary school – 5- 8 grade 5. secondary school 6. college diploma and above 108 occupation of father 1. farmer 2. government employee 3. merchant/trade 4. private org. employee 5. daily laborer 6. other (specify)_____________ 109 occupation of mother 1. housewife only 2. farmer 3. merchant/trade 4. private organization employee 5. government employee 6. daily laborer 7. other (specify)_________________ 110 do you get permanent pocket money from your parents? 1. yes 2. no 111 does your family have a tv or/and radio? 1. yes 2. no 112 do you earn money for yourself? 1. yes 2. no 113 monthly income of your family _______________ etb/month part- ii about menstruation 201 when did you attain your menarche? ______________ years. don’t know 202 what was the reaction to your first menstruation? 1. happy 2. scared 3. discomfort 4. emotional disturbance 5. other( specify) :¬¬¬___________ 203 what were your physical symptoms when the first time you had menstruation? 1. abdominal and back pain 2. sleeplessness 3. heavy bleeding 4. other(specify) 204 in how many days’ interval was your menses occurring, when you started menstruating? ____________ days 205 what is the average duration of your menstruation flow? ____________ days 206 before the onset of menstruation, have you had any class session related to it in your school? 1. yes 2. no 207 if yes, for q206 what was the subject you learnt on? _______________ subject 208 amount of bleeding during menstruation? 1.scanty 2. heavy 3.moderate 209 do you have any problem associated with menstruation? 1. headache 2. vomiting 3. weakness 4. anorexia 5. abdominal pain 6. back pain 7. other(specify) part- iii knowledge on menstruation 301 what is menstruation? 1. physiological 2. pathological 3. curse 4. other(specify) ______________ 5. don’t know 302 what is the cause of menstruation? 1. hormones 2. curse of god 3. caused by disease 4. others(specify)_______________ 5. don’t know 303 from which organ does menstrual blood comes? 1. uterus 2. vagina 3. bladder 4. abdomen 5. other(specify)________________ 6. don’t know 304 at what age, do you think most girls usually get their first period? ¬¬¬¬¬_______________ years don’t know 305 what is the duration of normal menstruation, in normal person? ____________ days. don’t know 306 what is the interval between two menstrual cycles? (how long is it between one menstrual cycle to the next?) ____________days. don’t know 307 did anyone tell you about menstruation before you started menstruating? 1. yes 2. no 308 from whom you got information regarding about menstruation? (more than one answer is possible) 1. mother 2. teacher 3. friends 4. books 5. media (tv, radio) 6. others(specify)______________ 309 do you think menstrual problems interfere with school performance? 1. yes 2. no 310 do you know about menstrual hygiene? 1. yes 2. no 311 if yes to q310, what do you know about menstrual hygiene? (write in two lines) ------------------------------------------ 312 do you think there is foul odor during menstruation? 1. yes2. no 313 do you think menstrual blood is unhygienic? 1. yes2. no part-iv: practices of menstruation 401 do you use absorbent material during period? 1. yes 2. no 402 what absorbent material do you use during menstruation?(more than one answer is possible) 1. commercially made sanitary pad 2. napkin (soft paper) 3. rag made pad 4. cloth 5. other(specify)________________ 403 if you are using cloth as pad how do you clean it? 1. soap &water 2. only water 3. other (specify ):______________ 404 if you are using cloth how do you dry the cloth? 1. sunlight 2. inside the house 3. other(specify) 405 how many times do you change the cloth/pad in a day? 1. three and more 2. once 3. twice 406 where do you dispose your pads? 1. dustbin 2. drain 3. toilet 4. open field 5. other (specify)___________ 407 types of pads wrap used for disposing it? 1. papers 2. plastic bag 3. not wrap 4. other(specify)________________ 408 number of changing panty per day _______________ 409 do you come to school during menstruation? 1.yes 2. no 410 if no, why? _____________________________ 411 if your menstrual problem interferes with attendance, how often does it do so? 1. one day every cycle 2. two days every cycle 3. three days every cycle 4. four days every cycle 5. other(specify)______________ 412 do you use any medication for menstrual problems? 1. yes if no skip to q 2. no 413 what is the medication you used? ________________ 414 when will you bath during period? 1. daily 2. first day 3. second day 4. not take any time 5. other(specify) 415 do you clean your genitalia during menstruation? 1. yes 2. no 416 if yes for q mostly by what? 1. water and soap 2. only with water 3. tissue paper 4. towel 5. other(specify) il translation service
i. structured questionnaire (english version) questionnaire on assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice about menstruation and menstrual hygiene among secondary high school girls at nekemte town, western ethiopia, 2014. consent form that certify the respondents agreement before the interview 01. name of the school _______________________________________ 03. questionnaire identification number__________________________ dear respondent, we are interested in learning more about your knowledge, attitude and practice about menstruation and menstrual hygiene. this questionnaire is designed for a research work approved by wollega university. we hope you will help us by completing this survey. none of your answers will be available to anyone at any time. all the information you give us will be kept private. do not put your name anywhere on this questionnaire. if you decide not to participate or complete the form, you may end filling the questionnaire at any time you want however, we really need your honest response to better understand knowledge, attitude and practice about menstruation and menstrual hygiene in high school girl students. the results of the study would hopefully serve as an important input to intervention programs that aim at improving adolescent girls health in general and students in high school in particular. it will take you 35-40minutes to complete the whole questionnaire. we thank you in advance for taking your time to respond to our questions! would you be willing to participate in the study? agree disagree if you decide not to participate in the study, please return the questionnaire to the supervisor/investigator. questionnaire form identification no _______________________ instruction: circle the responses or write the appropriate answer on the space provided. part i : socio-demographic variables s.no questions option/response remark school 101 age __________(in years) 102 grade 1. ninth 2. tenth 103 ethnicity 1. oromo 2. amhara 3. gurage 4. tigrae 5. other(specify )_______________ 104 religion 1. protestant 2. orthodox 3. catholic 4. muslim 5. others(specify)_____________ 105 whom do you live with at present?(more than one answer is possible) 1. with my mother and father 2. with my mother only 3. with my father only 4. with step mother and my father 5. with step father and my mother 6. with relatives 7. with friends 8. alone 9. other(specify) 106 what is your father’s educational level? 1. illiterate (cannot read and write) 2. literate (able to read and write) 3. primary school – 1- 4 grade 4. primary school – 5- 8 grade 5. secondary school 6. college diploma and above 107 what is your mother’s educational level? 1. illiterate (cannot read and write) 2. literate (able to read and write) 3. primary school – 1- 4 grade 4. primary school – 5- 8 grade 5. secondary school 6. college diploma and above 108 occupation of father 1. farmer 2. government employee 3. merchant/trade 4. private org. employee 5. daily laborer 6. other (specify)_____________ 109 occupation of mother 1. housewife only 2. farmer 3. merchant/trade 4. private organization employee 5. government employee 6. daily laborer 7. other (specify)_________________ 110 do you get permanent pocket money from your parents? 1. yes 2. no 111 does your family have a tv or/and radio? 1. yes 2. no 112 do you earn money for yourself? 1. yes 2. no 113 monthly income of your family _______________ etb/month part- ii about menstruation 201 when did you attain your menarche? ______________ years. don’t know 202 what was the reaction to your first menstruation? 1. happy 2. scared 3. discomfort 4. emotional disturbance 5. other( specify) :¬¬¬___________ 203 what were your physical symptoms when the first time you had menstruation? 1. abdominal and back pain 2. sleeplessness 3. heavy bleeding 4. other(specify) 204 in how many days’ interval was your menses occurring, when you started menstruating? ____________ days 205 what is the average duration of your menstruation flow? ____________ days 206 before the onset of menstruation, have you had any class session related to it in your school? 1. yes 2. no 207 if yes, for q206 what was the subject you learnt on? _______________ subject 208 amount of bleeding during menstruation? 1.scanty 2. heavy 3.moderate 209 do you have any problem associated with menstruation? 1. headache 2. vomiting 3. weakness 4. anorexia 5. abdominal pain 6. back pain 7. other(specify) part- iii knowledge on menstruation 301 what is menstruation? 1. physiological 2. pathological 3. curse 4. other(specify) ______________ 5. don’t know 302 what is the cause of menstruation? 1. hormones 2. curse of god 3. caused by disease 4. others(specify)_______________ 5. don’t know 303 from which organ does menstrual blood comes? 1. uterus 2. vagina 3. bladder 4. abdomen 5. other(specify)________________ 6. don’t know 304 at what age, do you think most girls usually get their first period? ¬¬¬¬¬_______________ years don’t know 305 what is the duration of normal menstruation, in normal person? ____________ days. don’t know 306 what is the interval between two menstrual cycles? (how long is it between one menstrual cycle to the next?) ____________days. don’t know 307 did anyone tell you about menstruation before you started menstruating? 1. yes 2. no 308 from whom you got information regarding about menstruation? (more than one answer is possible) 1. mother 2. teacher 3. friends 4. books 5. media (tv, radio) 6. others(specify)______________ 309 do you think menstrual problems interfere with school performance? 1. yes 2. no 310 do you know about menstrual hygiene? 1. yes 2. no 311 if yes to q310, what do you know about menstrual hygiene? (write in two lines) ------------------------------------------ 312 do you think there is foul odor during menstruation? 1. yes2. no 313 do you think menstrual blood is unhygienic? 1. yes2. no part-iv: practices of menstruation 401 do you use absorbent material during period? 1. yes 2. no 402 what absorbent material do you use during menstruation?(more than one answer is possible) 1. commercially made sanitary pad 2. napkin (soft paper) 3. rag made pad 4. cloth 5. other(specify)________________ 403 if you are using cloth as pad how do you clean it? 1. soap &water 2. only water 3. other (specify ):______________ 404 if you are using cloth how do you dry the cloth? 1. sunlight 2. inside the house 3. other(specify) 405 how many times do you change the cloth/pad in a day? 1. three and more 2. once 3. twice 406 where do you dispose your pads? 1. dustbin 2. drain 3. toilet 4. open field 5. other (specify)___________ 407 types of pads wrap used for disposing it? 1. papers 2. plastic bag 3. not wrap 4. other(specify)________________ 408 number of changing panty per day _______________ 409 do you come to school during menstruation? 1.yes 2. no 410 if no, why? _____________________________ 411 if your menstrual problem interferes with attendance, how often does it do so? 1. one day every cycle 2. two days every cycle 3. three days every cycle 4. four days every cycle 5. other(specify)______________ 412 do you use any medication for menstrual problems? 1. yes if no skip to q 2. no 413 what is the medication you used? ________________ 414 when will you bath during period? 1. daily 2. first day 3. second day 4. not take any time 5. other(specify) 415 do you clean your genitalia during menstruation? 1. yes 2. no 416 if yes for q mostly by what? 1. water and soap 2. only with water 3. tissue paper 4. towel 5. other(specify)