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quintanilla del molar is a municipality located in the province of valladolid, castile and león, spain.
کینتانییا دل ملار (به اسپانیایی: quintanilla del molar) یک شهرستان در اسپانیا است که در استان وایادولید واقع شده‌است.
the density of sulfur hexafluoride is relatively high at room temperature and pressure due to the gas's large molar mass.
چگالی هگزا فلوراید گوگرد به‌نسبت در دما و فشار اتاق، زیاد است، زیرا جرم مولی این گاز زیاد است.
if specific molar values are given, then the amount of substance of a given sample may be determined by measuring volume, mass or concentration.
if specific molar values are given, then the amount of substance of a given sample may be determined by measuring volume, mass or concentration.
it has a molecular formula of c8h15no6, a molar mass of 221.21 g/mol, and it is significant in several biological systems.
ان-استیل‌گلوکزامین با فرمول شیمیایی c۸h۱۵no۶ یک هگزوزآمین با شناسه پاب‌کم ۲۴۱۳۹ است؛ که جرم مولی آن ۲۲۱٫۲۱ g/mol می‌باشد.
in thermodynamics, chemical potential, also known as partial molar free energy, is a form of potential energy that can be absorbed or released during a chemical reaction.
پتانسیل شیمیایی نوعی انرژی پتانسیل می باشد که در طی واکنش شیمیایی آزاد می شود و یا بدست می آید.
(see standard enthalpy change of formation and standard molar entropy)the substance potential of a redox reaction is usually determined electrochemically current-free using reversible cells.
(see آنتالپی استاندارد تشکیل and standard molar entropy)the substance potential of a اکسایش و کاهش واکنش شیمیایی is usually determined الکتروشیمی current-free using باتری قابل شارژs.
heating and evaporation of droplets are important processes in numerous applications, including those in internal combustion engines [1,2], spray coating [3], fire suppression [4], the pharmaceutical industry [5], and agriculture [6,7]. this has stimulated intensive research to develop robust models for the description of these processes [1,8–10]. our analysis is focused primarily on ethanol/gasoline fuel blend droplets, the interest in which has been mainly stimulated by the depletion of fossil fuels and environmental concerns. the heating and evaporation of these blends have been investigated numerically and experimentally [11–14]. in these studies, however, gasoline has been approximated by isooctane or a mixture of isooctane/n-heptane, whilst the commercial gasoline fuels consist of tens of hydrocarbons [15]. the effects of fuel compositions, transient diffusion of species, temperature gradient, and recirculation inside moving droplets on their heating and evaporation have been commonly described using the discrete component (dc) model [9,16], and the effective thermal conductivity/ effective diffusivity (etc/ed) model [8]. these models have been validated against experimental data [17–19]. the dc model was used previously for the analysis of blended fuel droplet heating and evaporation, including blends of diesel/biodiesel and ethanol/gasoline fuels [17,20–24]. in these studies, however, raoult's law was assumed to be valid (the activity coefficient (ac) was assumed equal to one). unlike fossil fuels, ethanol and biodiesel fuels are polar liquids. therefore, raoult's law may not be suitable for predicting the vapour pressures of these fuel blends [25]. to address this issue, in our analysis we took into account the contributions of nonunity acs. in some studies (e.g. [26]), the wilson equation was used for the predictions of acs. the wilson equation is a simple approach, but limited to binary components. in the general case, the universal quasichemical functional–group ac (unifac) model is believed to be the most suitable for prediction of the multi-component acs [11,27]. in [28], the unifac model was used to predict the acs of 20 components in gasoline face c and 98 components in diesel fuel. this approach, however, was based on the initial molar fractions of components and droplet surface temperatures. in the current analysis, we investigate the impact of transient acs on the evolutions of blended ethanol/gasoline fuel droplet temperatures and radii. the transient droplet surface temperatures and diffusion of 21 components are taken into account using the unifac model. the governing equations and main features of the dc model used in our analysis are summarised in [8,29], and will not be discussed in this paper. the main features of the model and the implementation of unifac equations into relevant equations of the dc model are described in section 2. the results predicted by the modified dc model, using the corrected acs, are presented and discussed in section 3. the main results are summarised in section 4.
Letzte Aktualisierung: 2020-06-13
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