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5- palaeomastodon palaeomastodon an extinct genus of proboscidea. palaeomastodon fossils have been found in africa, lived some 36-35 million years ago. they are believed to be the ancestors of elephants or mastodons.the genus palaeomastodon palaeomastodon lived in marshy semi aquatic swamps during the middle late eocene to the early oligocene. it may have used its upper pair of tusks for scraping bark off trees. palaeomastodon was a very early form of the elephantidae and thus had a very short trunk. palaeomastodon had tusks, both upper and lower, and it had a trunk. it was about 2.2 m tall at the shoulder and weighed about 2.5 t. the lower tusks were flat rather than pointed cones, and were probably used to scoop plants from swampy water. palaeomastodon was known to have their ears located towards the top of their heads, to make sure their sensory organs remained dry. in addition, their sharp tusks were used as a defense weapon.
arsinoitherium هو جنس منقرض، وهو حيوان ثديي كبير عاش خلال أوائل الأوليغوسين (منذ حوالي 28 مليون سنة).. الاسم هو مزيج من "aarsinoe" على اسم الملكة arsinoe، التي كان لها قصر على بحيرة موريس بالقرب من المكان الذي تم العثور فيه على البقايا الأولى و "الثوريوم" الكلمة اليونانية التي تعني الوحش arsinoitherium هو مخلوق فريد من نوعه كان من حجم وحيد القرن. كانت السمة الأكثر لفتًا للنظر للحيوان هي وجود زوج ضخم من القرون على عظام الأنف، جنبًا إلى جنب مع قرون صغيرة
