Results for develop translation from English to Somali

is it you who cultivate it, or is it we who develop it?
ma idinkaa soo dhaliya mase annagaa soo dhalinna.

pharmaceutical companies are racing to develop antibodies and vaccines against the virus.
shirkadaha daawooyinka sameeya ayaa ku tartamaya in ay hagaajinya antiboodhiyo iyo talaalo looga hortago fayraska.

on 18 march 2020, emergent biosolutions announced a manufacturing partnership with vaxart to develop the vaccine.
febraayo 8 2020, shaybaadhka oncogen ee roomaaniya ayaa baahiyay warbixin in uu nashqadeeyay talaal lamid ah ka loo isticmaalo kaansarka neoantigen talaalka ah ee daawaynta.

it is difficult to develop and produce specific antibodies rapidly enough to fight against a global epidemic.
way adagtahay in la sameeyo oo lasoo saaro anti-boodhiyo gaar ah si dagdag ah oo ku filan si loo la dagaalamo cudurka saf-mareenka ah ee aduunka ku baahay.

although no vaccine has completed clinical trials, there are multiple attempts in progress to develop such a vaccine.
dhamaadkii febraayo 2020, hay'ada caafimaadka adduunka (who) waxay sheegey inayna filanaynin in la helo talaal sars-cov-2, fayrus daran, in la helo 18 bilood ee soo socda.

a major outbreak spread around the world in 2020, leading to considerable investment and research activity to develop a vaccine.
hay'ado badan ayaa isticmaalaya cayayaan si looga sameeyo talaalada sars-cov-2.

cdc continues to develop and update resources for persons with underlying health conditions to reduce the risk of acquiring covid-19.
cdc waxay sii wadaa in ay hormarto oo ay cusboonaysiiso khayraadkeeda ee dadka qaba xaaladaha caafimaad ee hooseeya si ay u dhinto khatarta laga helayo covid-19.

the world health organization adopted the german recipe for manufacturing kits sent to low-income countries without the resources to develop their own.
waxyaabaha uu ka kooban yahay ee jarmalka waxaa la baahiyay 17 janaayo 2020; nidaamka ay sameeyeen xarunta xakamaynta iyo kahortaga xanuunada maraykanka muu soo bixin ilaa 28 janaayo, taas oo markaa dib u dhigay shaybaadhka la heli karayay maraykanka. jayna iyo maraykanka waxay mushkilad kala kulmeen kalsooniga bushqada shaybaadhka ee intii hore ee safmarka, oo dalalkan iyo awstaraaliya waxa ay waayeen bushqado ku filan dalabka iyo shaybaadhka ay ku taliyeen khabiirada caafimaadku.

although new medications may take until 2021 to develop, several of the medications being tested are already approved for other uses or are already in advanced testing.
dawooyinka fayruska ayaa lagu tijaabin karaa dadka xanuunada daran qaba.

develop distance learning rules and monitor students’ learning process: define the rules with parents and students on distance learning.
in la sameeyo qaabka su;'aalaha, imtixaanaadka, ama alamiitada si loola socdo si dhaw nidaamka waxbarashada ardayda.

97.5% of people who develop symptoms will do so within 11.5 days of infection.reports indicate that not all who are infected develop symptoms.
kaalinta calaamadahan ay ku leeyihiin faafitaanka weli lama garanayo; laakiin, cadaymaha hordhaca ahi waxa ay sheegayaan in ay gacan ka gaystaan faafitaanka xanuunka.

to stop the recurrent outbreaks of mers, a comprehensive approach should be taken to develop effective vaccines against mers-cov for camels, in combination with other infection control measures.
si loo joojiyo soo noqnoqoshada dilaacyada mers, hab dhamaystiran waa in la qaado si loo sameeyo talaalo shaqaynaya ee ku aadan mers-cov ee geela, iyadoo ay la socoto talaabooyin kale oo xakamaynta caabuqa.

chinese scientists were able to isolate a strain of the coronavirus and publish the genetic sequence so laboratories across the world could independently develop polymerase chain reaction (pcr) tests to detect infection by the virus.
abriil 4, 2020, shaybaadh antiboodhiga ah (kaas oo lagu ogaanayo caabuqa firfircoon iyo hadii qofku uu hore usoo qaaday) ayaa la sameeyay, laakiin weli si baahsan looma isticmaalin.

efforts have been made to develop s protein-based vaccines to generate long-term and potent neutralizing antibodies and/or protective immunity against sars-cov.
dadaalo ayaa sameeyay sidii loo samayn lahaa talaalo ku salayn borotiin s si ay u dhaliso muddo-dheer iyo dhexdhexaadin awood leh ee anti-boodhiyada iyo/ama ka difaacida sars-cov difaaca jirka.

acknowledgment ................................................................................................................... i table of contents .................................................................................................................. ii chapter one: shock ............................................................................................................. 1 introduction ................................................................................................. 1 classification .............................................................................................. 1 patho physiology of shock ......................................................................... 2 management of shock ................................................................................ 3 complications of shock .............................................................................. 4 chapter two: fluid and electolytes ..................................................................................... 5 introduction ................................................................................................. 5 normal distribution of body fluids .............................................................. 5 disturbances of fluid and electrolytes ........................................................ 7 acid – base balance ................................................................................... 12 review questions ....................................................................................... 15 references .................................................................................................. 16 chapter three: blood transfusion ....................................................................................... 17 indications for blood transfusion ............................................................... 17 compatibility tests ...................................................................................... 17 component therapy ................................................................................... 18 review questions ....................................................................................... 21 references .................................................................................................. 22 chapter four: pre-operative and post-operative care ...................................................... 23 introduction ................................................................................................. 23 general consideration ............................................................................... 23 assessment and minimization of surgical risks ........................................ 24 post-operative care, complications and their treatment ......................... 26 post operative intestinal obstruction ......................................................... 31 hematoma, abscess and seromas ............................................................ 33 review questions ....................................................................................... 34 references .................................................................................................. 35 chapter five: aseptic and antisepic techniques ................................................................ 36 introduction ................................................................................................. 36 choice of antiseptic ................................................................................... 37 review questions ....................................................................................... 41 references .................................................................................................. 42 chapter six: suture materials and suturing ......................................................................... 43 types of suture materials ........................................................................... 43 suturing techniques ................................................................................... 44 iii chapter seven: wounds- wound healing and care ........................................................... 47 introduction ................................................................................................. 47 wound healing ............................................................................................ 47 wound assessment and classification ....................................................... 49 wound management ................................................................................... 50 crush and avulsion wounds ....................................................................... 53 wound complications ................................................................................. 55 review questions ....................................................................................... 57 key to the review questions ..................................................................... 59 references .................................................................................................. 60 chapter eight: surgical infections ........................................................................................ 61 introduction ................................................................................................. 61 classification .............................................................................................. 62 pathogenesis .............................................................................................. 62 specific types of infections ........................................................................ 64 review questions ....................................................................................... 73 key to the review questions ..................................................................... 75 references .................................................................................................. 76 chapter nine: trauma .......................................................................................................... 77 introduction ................................................................................................. 77 treatment priorities ..................................................................................... 78 road traffic accidents ................................................................................ 79 firearm injuries ........................................................................................... 80 burn injuries ......................................................................................... 81 review questions ....................................................................................... 84 references .................................................................................................. 85 head and spinal injuries ............................................................................ 86 head injury .................................................................................................. 86 brain injuries ............................................................................................... 87 spinal cord injuries ..................................................................................... 90 review questions ....................................................................................... 92 references .................................................................................................. 93 chapter ten: orthopedic surgery ........................................................................................ 94 introduction ................................................................................................. 94 infections of bones and joints .................................................................... 94 fractures ..................................................................................................... 97 dislocations ................................................................................................. 102 amputations ................................................................................................ 103 review questions ....................................................................................... 105 references .................................................................................................. 106 chapter eleven: anesthesia................................................................................................. 107 pre-anesthetic patient evaluation and preparation .................................... 107 iv cardiopulmonary resuscitation .................................................................. 111 systemic (general) anesthesia .................................................................. 115 regional anesthesia ................................................................................... 118 review questions ....................................................................................... 124 references .................................................................................................. 125 systemic surgery chapter one: the thyroid gland ......................................................................................... 126 thyroid enlargement: goiter ....................................................................... 126 neoplasms of the thyroid ........................................................................... 130 review questions ....................................................................................... 132 references .................................................................................................. 133 chapter two: the breast ..................................................................................................... 134 introduction ................................................................................................. 134 anatomy ..................................................................................................... 134 breast lumps .............................................................................................. 135 carcinoma of the breast ............................................................................. 137 review questions ....................................................................................... 140 references .................................................................................................. 141 chapter three: the chest ................................................................................................... 142 introduction ................................................................................................. 142 upper airway obstruction ........................................................................... 142 tracheostomy ............................................................................................. 143 chest injuries .............................................................................................. 146 pneumothorax ............................................................................................. 149 hemothorax ................................................................................................. 149 tube thoracostomy (chest tube) .............................................................. 150 empyema and lung abscess ..................................................................... 152 lung abscess .............................................................................................. 154 review questions ....................................................................................... 156 references .................................................................................................. 157 chapter four: gastrointestinal tract .................................................................................... 158 introduction ................................................................................................. 158 upper gastrointestinal bleeding ................................................................. 159 colorectal tumors ....................................................................................... 164 common perianal conditions ..................................................................... 166 anal fissure (fissure in ano) .................................................................... 170 hemorrhoids (piles) .................................................................................... 171 references .................................................................................................. 175 acute abdomen ........................................................................................... 176 intestinal obstruction .................................................................................. 177 sigmoid volvulus ......................................................................................... 179 v appendicitis ................................................................................................. 180 peritonitis .................................................................................................... 183 hepato biliary diseases .............................................................................. 185 hydatid cyst of the liver ............................................................................. 187 diseases of gall bladder and biliary tree .................................................. 189 obstructive jaundice................................................................................... 193 review questions ....................................................................................... 197 abdominal wall hernias ............................................................................. 198 introduction ................................................................................................. 198 risk factors for abdominal wall hernia development ............................... 199 specific types of hernia ............................................................................. 200 review questions ....................................................................................... 204 references .................................................................................................. 205 stomach and duodenum ............................................................................ 206 introduction ................................................................................................. 206 peptic ulcer disease ................................................................................... 206 gastric cancer ............................................................................................ 211 review questions ....................................................................................... 213 dysphagia ............................................................................................. 214 introduction ................................................................................................. 214 dysphagia ................................................................................................... 214 carcinoma of the esophagus...................................................................... 215 review questions ....................................................................................... 218 references .................................................................................................. 219 chapter five: urology .......................................................................................................... 220 introduction ................................................................................................. 220 urinary symptoms and investigations of urinary tract problems .............. 220 acute renal failure (anuria/oliguria) ......................................................... 222 disorder of the kidneys and ureters ........................................................... 223 urinary tract infection ................................................................................. 224 renal tuberculosis ..................................................................................... 226 urinary bladder ........................................................................................... 230 bladder cancer ........................................................................................... 231 benign prostatic hyperplasia ...................................................................... 231 the urethra and penis ................................................................................ 233 urethral stricture ......................................................................................... 234 review questions ....................................................................................... 238 references .................................................................................................. 239 1 chapter one shock learning objectives at the end of this chapter, each student should be able to: • state the clinical definition of shock • list the chief characteristics and causes of all types of shock • describe the clinical symptoms and signs that are indicative of shock • list the immediate treatment measures to prevent complications introduction shock is a life-threatening condition which occurs when the circulatory system fails to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the body tissues and becomes unable to remove waste products from the body. it is a descriptive term based on the symptoms and signs secondary to one or more of a wide range of problems. if not recognized and corrected as early as possible, shock may rapidly progress to an irreversible state with subsequent multi-organ failure and death. definition shock is defined as a pathological state causing inadequate oxygen delivery to the peripheral tissues and resulting in lactic acidosis, cellular hypoxia and disruption of normal metabolic condition. classification shock is generally classified into three major categories: 1. hypovolemic shock 2. cardiogenic shock 3. distributive shock distributive shock is further subdivided into three subgroups: a. septic shock b. neurogenic shock c. anaphylactic shock hypovolemic shock is present when marked reduction in oxygen delivery results from diminished cardiac output secondary to inadequate vascular volume. in general, it results from loss of fluid from circulation, either directly or indirectly. 2 e.g. ▪ hemorrhage 􀂃 loss of plasma due to burns 􀂃 loss of water and electrolytes in diarrhea 􀂃 third space loss (internal fluid shift into inflammatory exudates in the peritoneum, such as in pancreatitis.) cardiogenic shock is present when there is severe reduction in oxygen delivery secondary to impaired cardiac function. usually it is due to myocardial infarction or pericardial tamponade. septic shock (vasogenic shock) develops as a result of the systemic effect of infection. it is the result of a septicemia with endotoxin and exotoxin release by gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. despite normal or increased cardiac output and oxygen delivery, cellular oxygen consumption is less than normal due to impaired extraction as a result of impaired metabolism. neurogenic shock results primarily from the disruption of the sympathetic nervous system which may be due to pain or loss of sympathetic tone, as in spinal cord injuries. patho physiology of shock shock stimulates a physiologic response. this circulatory response to hypotension is to cons
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