Results for learning translation from English to Somali

learning disabilities
wax barasho cillad

what about learning?
barasho kawaran

should i keep learning more?
sanad wanaagsan

go to the language learning activities
aad casharada aqriska

i don't know somali but i am learning
waxaan baranayaa somali

school closures negatively impact student learning outcomes.
dugsigu waxa ay bixiyaan daruuriyaadka waxbarashada oo marka la xidho, caruurta iyo dhalinyarta waxaa laga qaaday fursadii ay ku kori lahaayeen ee ay ku hormari lahaayeen.

avoid learning methodologies that require face-to-face communication.
in lasiiyo taageero macalimiinta iyo waalidka ah sidii loo isticmaali lahaa agabka dhijitaalka ah: in la sameeyo tobobkar kooban ama macluumaad hordhac bixin oo waalidka iyo macalinka ah sidoo kale, hadii loo baahdo kormeer iyo u fududayn.

other school services remain open, but teaching is restricted to distant learning.
maarso 27, ku dhawaad 90 ardayda caalamku waxba may dhiganaynin.

for students without internet at home, this increases the difficulty of keeping up with distance learning.
xidhitaanka dugsiyada ayaa culays saaray waalidka iyo koriyayaasha ah inay hayaan caruurtooda oo ay maamulaan waxbarashada guriga lagu dhigayo inta ay caruurtoodu ka joogaan dugsiga.

design formative questions, tests, or exercises to monitor closely students’ learning process.
isku day inaad isticmaasho taageerada gudbinta ee jawaabaha ardayda iyo in la iska ilaaliyo culayska waalidka iyada oo looga baahanayo inay soo sawiraan oo ay diyaar jawaabta ardayda.

choose the appropriate learning methodologies based on the status of school closures and home-based quarantines.
waxa aad iska ilaalisaa qaabka u baanan xidhiidhka foolka-foolka ah.

lack of access to technology or good internet connectivity is an obstacle to continued learning, especially for students from disadvantaged families.
xidhitaanka dugsiyada ee uu keeney covid-19, unecso waxay ku talisay in loo wareego waxbarashada guriga dhaxdiisa iyo in la furo barnaamijyo waxbarasho iyo madalo ay dugsiyada iyo macalimiintu ay ku bari karaan ardayda wax iyaga oo aan meel wada joogin oo markaa lagu yareeyo khalkhalka waxbarashada. si loo kaalmeeyo yaraynta faafitaanka covid-19, boqolaal laybareeri ayaa la si kumeel gaadh ah loo xidhay.

this could range through integrated digital learning platforms, video lessons, moocs, to broadcasting through radios and tvs.
xaqiijinta ka wada qayb galka barnaamijyada waxbarashada guriga: dhaqan gelinta talaabooyin lagu xaqiijinayo in ardaydu ay ku jiraan kuwa laxaadka la' ama kasoo jeeda dadka saboolka ah inay heli karaan waxbarashada iyada oo aan la wada joogin la isku dhigo, hadii ay kaliya tiro yar oo xadidan ay heli karaan aaladaha dhijitaalka ah.

in reaction, unesco called on countries to support affected students and families and facilitate large-scale inclusive distance learning programmes.
maarso 4, dawlada talyaaniga ayaa soo saartay amar in la wada xidho dhamaan dugsiyada iyo jaamacadaha dalka oo ah maadaama oo talyaaniga markaa tirada dadka dhintay ay gaadheen 100.

develop distance learning rules and monitor students’ learning process: define the rules with parents and students on distance learning.
in la sameeyo qaabka su;'aalaha, imtixaanaadka, ama alamiitada si loola socdo si dhaw nidaamka waxbarashada ardayda.

blend appropriate approaches and limit the number of applications and platforms: blend tools or media that are available for most students, both for synchronous communication and lessons, and for asynchronous learning.
si looga hortago culayska ardayda iyo waalidka oo ah in laga dalbado inay soo dejistaan oo ay tijaabiyaan barnaamijyo ama madalo badan sidoo kale.

god is witness there is no god but he, and so are the angels and men full of learning. he is the upholder of justice. there is no god but he, the mighty and all-wise.
eebe wuxuu qirayaa inaan eebe mooyee ilaah kale jirin, malaa'igtuna (way qiri) iyo kuwa cilmiga leh, maamulana cadaalad, eebe kale ma jiro isaga mooyee waana adkaade falsan.

create communities and enhance connection: create communities of teachers, parents, and school managers to address sense of loneliness or helplessness, facilitate sharing of experience and discussion on coping strategies when facing learning difficulties.
arday 290 milyan ah ayaa ka maqan waxbarashadii covid-19 dartiis: unesco waxa ay soo saartaa tiradii ugu horeysay ee caalamka oo waxayna diyaarisay jawaabta, unecso.

acknowledgment ................................................................................................................... i table of contents .................................................................................................................. ii chapter one: shock ............................................................................................................. 1 introduction ................................................................................................. 1 classification .............................................................................................. 1 patho physiology of shock ......................................................................... 2 management of shock ................................................................................ 3 complications of shock .............................................................................. 4 chapter two: fluid and electolytes ..................................................................................... 5 introduction ................................................................................................. 5 normal distribution of body fluids .............................................................. 5 disturbances of fluid and electrolytes ........................................................ 7 acid – base balance ................................................................................... 12 review questions ....................................................................................... 15 references .................................................................................................. 16 chapter three: blood transfusion ....................................................................................... 17 indications for blood transfusion ............................................................... 17 compatibility tests ...................................................................................... 17 component therapy ................................................................................... 18 review questions ....................................................................................... 21 references .................................................................................................. 22 chapter four: pre-operative and post-operative care ...................................................... 23 introduction ................................................................................................. 23 general consideration ............................................................................... 23 assessment and minimization of surgical risks ........................................ 24 post-operative care, complications and their treatment ......................... 26 post operative intestinal obstruction ......................................................... 31 hematoma, abscess and seromas ............................................................ 33 review questions ....................................................................................... 34 references .................................................................................................. 35 chapter five: aseptic and antisepic techniques ................................................................ 36 introduction ................................................................................................. 36 choice of antiseptic ................................................................................... 37 review questions ....................................................................................... 41 references .................................................................................................. 42 chapter six: suture materials and suturing ......................................................................... 43 types of suture materials ........................................................................... 43 suturing techniques ................................................................................... 44 iii chapter seven: wounds- wound healing and care ........................................................... 47 introduction ................................................................................................. 47 wound healing ............................................................................................ 47 wound assessment and classification ....................................................... 49 wound management ................................................................................... 50 crush and avulsion wounds ....................................................................... 53 wound complications ................................................................................. 55 review questions ....................................................................................... 57 key to the review questions ..................................................................... 59 references .................................................................................................. 60 chapter eight: surgical infections ........................................................................................ 61 introduction ................................................................................................. 61 classification .............................................................................................. 62 pathogenesis .............................................................................................. 62 specific types of infections ........................................................................ 64 review questions ....................................................................................... 73 key to the review questions ..................................................................... 75 references .................................................................................................. 76 chapter nine: trauma .......................................................................................................... 77 introduction ................................................................................................. 77 treatment priorities ..................................................................................... 78 road traffic accidents ................................................................................ 79 firearm injuries ........................................................................................... 80 burn injuries ......................................................................................... 81 review questions ....................................................................................... 84 references .................................................................................................. 85 head and spinal injuries ............................................................................ 86 head injury .................................................................................................. 86 brain injuries ............................................................................................... 87 spinal cord injuries ..................................................................................... 90 review questions ....................................................................................... 92 references .................................................................................................. 93 chapter ten: orthopedic surgery ........................................................................................ 94 introduction ................................................................................................. 94 infections of bones and joints .................................................................... 94 fractures ..................................................................................................... 97 dislocations ................................................................................................. 102 amputations ................................................................................................ 103 review questions ....................................................................................... 105 references .................................................................................................. 106 chapter eleven: anesthesia................................................................................................. 107 pre-anesthetic patient evaluation and preparation .................................... 107 iv cardiopulmonary resuscitation .................................................................. 111 systemic (general) anesthesia .................................................................. 115 regional anesthesia ................................................................................... 118 review questions ....................................................................................... 124 references .................................................................................................. 125 systemic surgery chapter one: the thyroid gland ......................................................................................... 126 thyroid enlargement: goiter ....................................................................... 126 neoplasms of the thyroid ........................................................................... 130 review questions ....................................................................................... 132 references .................................................................................................. 133 chapter two: the breast ..................................................................................................... 134 introduction ................................................................................................. 134 anatomy ..................................................................................................... 134 breast lumps .............................................................................................. 135 carcinoma of the breast ............................................................................. 137 review questions ....................................................................................... 140 references .................................................................................................. 141 chapter three: the chest ................................................................................................... 142 introduction ................................................................................................. 142 upper airway obstruction ........................................................................... 142 tracheostomy ............................................................................................. 143 chest injuries .............................................................................................. 146 pneumothorax ............................................................................................. 149 hemothorax ................................................................................................. 149 tube thoracostomy (chest tube) .............................................................. 150 empyema and lung abscess ..................................................................... 152 lung abscess .............................................................................................. 154 review questions ....................................................................................... 156 references .................................................................................................. 157 chapter four: gastrointestinal tract .................................................................................... 158 introduction ................................................................................................. 158 upper gastrointestinal bleeding ................................................................. 159 colorectal tumors ....................................................................................... 164 common perianal conditions ..................................................................... 166 anal fissure (fissure in ano) .................................................................... 170 hemorrhoids (piles) .................................................................................... 171 references .................................................................................................. 175 acute abdomen ........................................................................................... 176 intestinal obstruction .................................................................................. 177 sigmoid volvulus ......................................................................................... 179 v appendicitis ................................................................................................. 180 peritonitis .................................................................................................... 183 hepato biliary diseases .............................................................................. 185 hydatid cyst of the liver ............................................................................. 187 diseases of gall bladder and biliary tree .................................................. 189 obstructive jaundice................................................................................... 193 review questions ....................................................................................... 197 abdominal wall hernias ............................................................................. 198 introduction ................................................................................................. 198 risk factors for abdominal wall hernia development ............................... 199 specific types of hernia ............................................................................. 200 review questions ....................................................................................... 204 references .................................................................................................. 205 stomach and duodenum ............................................................................ 206 introduction ................................................................................................. 206 peptic ulcer disease ................................................................................... 206 gastric cancer ............................................................................................ 211 review questions ....................................................................................... 213 dysphagia ............................................................................................. 214 introduction ................................................................................................. 214 dysphagia ................................................................................................... 214 carcinoma of the esophagus...................................................................... 215 review questions ....................................................................................... 218 references .................................................................................................. 219 chapter five: urology .......................................................................................................... 220 introduction ................................................................................................. 220 urinary symptoms and investigations of urinary tract problems .............. 220 acute renal failure (anuria/oliguria) ......................................................... 222 disorder of the kidneys and ureters ........................................................... 223 urinary tract infection ................................................................................. 224 renal tuberculosis ..................................................................................... 226 urinary bladder ........................................................................................... 230 bladder cancer ........................................................................................... 231 benign prostatic hyperplasia ...................................................................... 231 the urethra and penis ................................................................................ 233 urethral stricture ......................................................................................... 234 review questions ....................................................................................... 238 references .................................................................................................. 239 1 chapter one shock learning objectives at the end of this chapter, each student should be able to: • state the clinical definition of shock • list the chief characteristics and causes of all types of shock • describe the clinical symptoms and signs that are indicative of shock • list the immediate treatment measures to prevent complications introduction shock is a life-threatening condition which occurs when the circulatory system fails to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the body tissues and becomes unable to remove waste products from the body. it is a descriptive term based on the symptoms and signs secondary to one or more of a wide range of problems. if not recognized and corrected as early as possible, shock may rapidly progress to an irreversible state with subsequent multi-organ failure and death. definition shock is defined as a pathological state causing inadequate oxygen delivery to the peripheral tissues and resulting in lactic acidosis, cellular hypoxia and disruption of normal metabolic condition. classification shock is generally classified into three major categories: 1. hypovolemic shock 2. cardiogenic shock 3. distributive shock distributive shock is further subdivided into three subgroups: a. septic shock b. neurogenic shock c. anaphylactic shock hypovolemic shock is present when marked reduction in oxygen delivery results from diminished cardiac output secondary to inadequate vascular volume. in general, it results from loss of fluid from circulation, either directly or indirectly. 2 e.g. ▪ hemorrhage 􀂃 loss of plasma due to burns 􀂃 loss of water and electrolytes in diarrhea 􀂃 third space loss (internal fluid shift into inflammatory exudates in the peritoneum, such as in pancreatitis.) cardiogenic shock is present when there is severe reduction in oxygen delivery secondary to impaired cardiac function. usually it is due to myocardial infarction or pericardial tamponade. septic shock (vasogenic shock) develops as a result of the systemic effect of infection. it is the result of a septicemia with endotoxin and exotoxin release by gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. despite normal or increased cardiac output and oxygen delivery, cellular oxygen consumption is less than normal due to impaired extraction as a result of impaired metabolism. neurogenic shock results primarily from the disruption of the sympathetic nervous system which may be due to pain or loss of sympathetic tone, as in spinal cord injuries. patho physiology of shock shock stimulates a physiologic response. this circulatory response to hypotension is to cons
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