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dependent variables were disfluency rate, pause rate, and the number of words recalled from secondary tasks.
dependent variables were disfluency rate, pause rate, and the number of words recalled from secondary tasks.
however, these beneficial effects could not be replicated in experiments 2, 3, and 4, leaving open questions regarding the stability and generalizability of the disfluency effect, and thus raising concerns regarding its impact for educational practice.
however, these beneficial effects could not be replicated in experiments 2, 3, and 4, leaving open questions regarding the stability and generalizability of the disfluency effect, and thus raising concerns regarding its impact for educational practice.