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its a completely unexplored part .
اين قسمت کاملا کشف نشده .
Dernière mise à jour : 2011-10-24
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there are possibilities unexplored here .
اميل .
Dernière mise à jour : 2011-10-24
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it was that gadget that serendipitously opened a door to another unexplored world.
این همان ابزاری بود که به طور اتفاقی توانست دری را به دنیای ناشناخته باز کند این همان ابزاری بود که به طور اتفاقی توانست دری را به دنیای ناشناخته باز کند
Dernière mise à jour : 2015-10-13
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this is an area that's largely unexplored but here's a little bit of data i can show you.
اين محدوده از لحاظ زيادي ناشناخته است. اما كمي اطلاعات هست كه مي تونم بهتون نشون بدم.
Dernière mise à jour : 2015-10-13
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i'll just close by saying that the tools are there, and this is truly an unexplored, undiscovered continent.
من با گفتن یک مطلب به آخر بحث میروم اینکه این ابزار اینجاست، و این واقعا قاره کشف نشده و شناخته نشده است.
Dernière mise à jour : 2015-10-13
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the efficacy of virtual environments for leadership development has previously been demonstrated by [8], but vr, in this context, remains unexplored.
اثربخشی محیط مجازی برای توسعه رهبری قبلا توسط [8] نشان داده شده است، اما vr در این زمینه هنوز مورد تحقیق قرار نگرفته است.
Dernière mise à jour : 2018-07-07
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plastic pollution has been globally recognized as a critical issue for marine ecosystems and nanoplastics constitute one of the last unexplored areas to understand the magnitude of this threat. however, current difficulties in sampling and identifying nano-sized debris make hard to assess their occurrence in marine environment. polystyrene nanoparticles (ps nps) are largely used as nanoplastics in ecotoxicological studies and although acute exposures have been already investigated, long-term toxicity on marine organisms is unknown. our study aims at evaluating the effects of 40 nm ps anionic carboxylated (ps-cooh) and 50 nm cationic amino-modified (ps-nh2) nps in two planktonic species, the green microalga dunaliella tertiolecta and the brine shrimp artemia franciscana, respectively prey and predator. ps np behaviour in exposure media was determined through dls, while their toxicity to microalgae and brine shrimps evaluated through 72 h growth inhibition test and 14 d long-term toxicity test respectively. moreover, the expression of target genes (i.e. clap and cstb), having a role in brine shrimp larval growth and molting, was measured in 48 h brine shrimp larvae. a different behaviour of the two ps nps in exposure media as well as diverse toxicity to the two planktonic species was observed. ps-cooh formed micro-scale aggregates (zaverage > 1 μm) and did not affect the growth of microalgae up to 50 μg/ml or that of brine shrimps up to 10 μg/ml. however, these negatively charged nps were adsorbed on microalgae and accumulated (and excreted) in brine shrimps, suggesting a potential trophic transfer from prey to predator. on the opposite, ps-nh2-formed nano-scale aggregates (z-average < 200 nm), caused inhibition of algal growth (ec50 = 12.97 μg/ml) and mortality in brine shrimps at 14 d (lc50 = 0.83 μg/ml). moreover, 1 μg/ml ps-nh2 significantly induced clap and cstb genes, explaining the
سمیت طولانی مدت نانوپلاستیک های پلی استایرن سطحی به گونه های دریایی planktonic dunaliella tertiolecta و artemia franciscana
Dernière mise à jour : 2018-08-29
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