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regulated
regulated
Ultimo aggiornamento 2025-03-11
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legislative and regulated requirements
legal and regulatory requirements
Ultimo aggiornamento 2024-11-09
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self regulated na pag-aaral
self regulated learning
Ultimo aggiornamento 2019-11-25
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helps regulated blood pressure
helps regulate blood pressure
Ultimo aggiornamento 2022-11-07
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pagtatapos ng regulated speed limit zone
speed limit derestriction
Ultimo aggiornamento 2023-08-09
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the effects of a self-regulated learning music practice
the effects of a self regulated learning music practice strategy curriculum on music performance, self regulation, self efficacy, and cognition.
Ultimo aggiornamento 2021-02-15
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the determination of serum blood urea nitrogen currently is the most widely used screening test for the evaluation of kidney function. the test is frequently requested along with the serum creatinine test since simultaneous determination of these 2 compounds appears to aid in the differential diagnosis of prerenal, renal and postrenal hyperuremia. clinical information urea is the final degradation product of protein and amino acid metabolism. in protein catabolism the proteins are broken down to amino acids and deaminated. the ammonia formed in this process is synthesized to urea in the liver. this is the most important catabolic pathway for eliminating excess nitrogen in the human body. increased blood urea nitrogen (bun) may be due to prerenal causes (cardiac decompensation, water depletion due to decreased intake and excessive loss, increased protein catabolism, and high protein diet), renal causes (acute glomerulonephritis, chronic nephritis, polycystic kidney disease, nephrosclerosis, and tubular necrosis) and postrenal causes (eg, all types of obstruction of the urinary tract, such as stones, enlarged prostate gland, tumors). reference values males 1-17 years: 7-20 mg/dl > or =18 years: 8-24 mg/dl reference values have not been established for patients who are or =18 years: 6-21 mg/dl reference values have not been established for patients who are <12 months of age. interpretation serum blood urea nitrogen (bun) determinations are considerably less sensitive than bun clearance (and creatinine clearance) tests, and levels may not be abnormal until the bun clearance has diminished to <50%. clinicians frequently calculate a convenient relationship, the urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio: serum bun in mg/dl/serum creatinine in mg/dl. for a normal individual on a normal diet, the reference interval for the ratio ranges between 12 and 20, with most individuals being between 12 and 16. significantly lower ratios denote acute tubular necrosis, low protein intake, starvation or severe liver disease. high ratios with normal creatinine levels may be noted with catabolic states of tissue breakdown, prerenal azotemia, high protein intake, etc. high ratios associated with high creatinine concentrations may denote either postrenal obstruction or prerenal azotemia superimposed on renal disease. because of the variability of both the bun and creatinine assays, the ratio is only a rough guide to the nature of the underlying abnormality. its magnitude is not tightly regulated in health or disease and should not be considered an exact quantity.
a bun
Ultimo aggiornamento 2016-09-01
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