プロの翻訳者、企業、ウェブページから自由に利用できる翻訳レポジトリまで。
these include (a) length of value chain to the final product (or depth in the manufacturing segment), i.e. how many parts and components to move into; (b) product characteristics (standard or differentiated); (c) the structure of a gsc (market-based or sticky - see box 1); (d) interest of a leading firm in assisting the product upgrading (through technology/financial injection); (e) market situation (competitors, stepladders vacated or not, etc.); and (f) comparative advantage, including geographical and/or population consumption assets (e.g. close to a big market, own large domestic market).
它们包括 (a) 通向最终产品的价值链长度(或生产部门的深度)，即需要多少零部件；(b) 产品特点 (标准产品还是有差别产品)；(c) 供应链结构(基于市场的供应链或附着型供应链----见插文1)；(d) 主导公司对于(通过注入技术/资金)协助产品升级的兴趣；(e) 市场形势(竞争对手，梯子是否已经腾出等等)；(f) 比较优势，包括地理和/或人口消费资产(例如接近大市场，拥有大型国内市场)。
