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retsbeskyttelse for de retsundergivne
judicial protection of individual interests

det betyder, at ensartet behandling af de retsundergivne forudsætter en reel harmonisering af disse regler.
equal treatment of all litigants accordingly requires a real harmonisation effort.

retssikkerhedsprincippet indebærer, at fællesskabslovgivningen skal være klar, og de retsundergivne må kunne forudse dens anvendelse 126.
the principle of legal certainty requires community legislation to be certain and its application foreseeable by those subject to it.

disse konkurrenceregler medfører ofte forpligtelser for individuelle retsundergivne og kan påberåbes direkte for nationale domstole og myndigheder.
these competition rules often place obligations on individual legal persons and may be invoked directly before national courts and authorities.

for tusinder af dommere, advokater og retsundergivne i europa er de europæiske fællesskaber blevet en levende og håndgribelig virkelighed.
for thousands of judges, lawyers and citizens europe and the european communities have become a living and tangible reality, as they have for governments and national administrations, which are required to appear or ensure that they are represented before the court of justice, and for many industrialists, businessmen and workers who are subject to european rules in the sphere of customs, competition, transport, argricultural and social organization .,.

endvidere bør de retsundergivne, især virksomheder og privatpersoner, kende deres rettigheder og det nøjagtige omfang af deres forpligtelser.
furthermore, those subject to community law, both undertakings and private individuals, should know their rights and the exact extent of their obligations.

en forordnings umiddelbare gyldighed forudsætter, at dens ikrafttrædelse og anven­delse til fordel eller til byrde for de retsundergivne sker uden nogen gennemførelses­foranstaltning i national ret.
the direct applicability of a regulation requires that its entry into force and its appli­cation in favour of or against those subject to it must be independent of any measure of reception into national law.

målet for eØf-traktaten, at oprette etfællesmarked,hvisfunktiondirekteberører de retsundergivne i fællesskabet,indebærer, at denne traktat udgør mere
the european court of justice used thiscase as an opportunity to set out a numberoffindingsofafundamentalnatureconcerning the legal nature of the ec.

ef-domstolens afgørelser rammes af erhvervssygdomme, ikke i sig selv skabe rettigheder for de retsundergivne, som disse kan påbe­råbe sig ved de nationale retsinstanser.
handbook on equal treatment for men and women in the european community selves confer rights on individuals upon which the latter may rely before national courts.

således kunne en fælles anklagemyndighed, der er uafhængig af medlemsstaterne efter behag beslutte at dømme, retsforfølge eller udlevere retsundergivne uden mulighed for appel ved de berørte medlemsstaters domstole.
a single prosecution service, independent of the member states could therefore, at its convenience, decide to arrest, prosecute or extradite suspects, without any recourse to the judiciaries of the member states concerned.

følgelig må medlemsstaterne hverken vedtage eller tillade nationale organer med retsanordnende beføjelser at vedtage en retsakt, hvorved en retsregels karakter af fællesskabsret og dens virkninger skjules for de retsundergivne.«
therefore, the member states may neither adopt nor allow national organizations having legislative power to adopt any measure which would conceal the community nature and effects of any legal provision from the persons to whom it applies."

denne anskuelsesmåde bekræftes af, at forordning nr. 67/67/eØf har til formål at fremme retssikkerheden for de retsundergivne og at lette anvendelsen af fællesska­bets konkurrencebestemmelser.
this view is confirmed by the fact that regulation no 67/67 is designed to promote legal certainty for the benefit of parties concerned and to make it easier to apply the community provisions on competition.

den nationale dommer havde stillet ef-domstolen spørgsmålet, om den retsundergivne havde en »ubegrænset fradragsret«, som de nationale domstole skulle beskytte.
the dutch court had asked the court of justice whether taxpayers had an unrestricted right to deduction of business expenses which courts must protect.

men med hensyn til sådanne »forberedende dokumenter« opstår naturligvis spørgsmålet om deres offentliggørelse. kan en domstol tage hensyn til sådanne, når de retsundergivne ikke har adgang hertil ?
56): 'the commission (nevertheless) considered that it would be scarcely realistic or appropriate to assert in the draft of the article that recourse might not be had to external means of interpretation such as preparatory work so long as the application of the rules set out in article 27 (article 31 of the convention of 1969) has not shown that it is impossible to deduce any clear or reasonable meaning from the wording'.

oprettelsen af eurojust er et reelt fremskridt for borgerne, men de retsundergivnes rettigheder og beskyttelsen af oplysninger skal sikres bedre.
the setting up of eurojust is a real step forward for the citizens; the rights of defendants and the protection of data do, however, need better guarantees.