Je was op zoek naar: prefrontal (Engels - Perzisch)

prefrontal .
بجلو مغز .

prefrontal cortex is an interesting brain area.
قسمت جلویی کرتکس ناحیه ای بسیار جالبی‌ست.

so you have the prefrontal cortex here, lighting up in red.
خوب شما در اینجا قشر پیش پیشانی را دارید که به رنگ قرمز در آمده است

and so we had this focal area called the medial prefrontal cortex that went way up in activity.
و بعد این منطقه مرکزی است که اسمش ناحیه کرتکس پیشین میانی است که میزان فعالیتش به شدت بالا رفته.

so this is a model of the human brain, and this is prefrontal cortex, right at the front.
خُب این یک مدل از مغز انسانه، و این قسمت جلویی کرتکس‌ است، درست در جلو قرار داره.

and you do that by measuring the relative activation of the left prefrontal cortex in the fmri, versus the right prefrontal cortex.
و شما مي‌توانيد با سنجش فعاليت نسبي كورتكس پيش پيشاني سمت چپ با تصويربرداري تشديد مغناطيسي عملكردي و مقايسه آن با كورتكس پيش پيشاني سمت راست اين كار را انجام بدهيد.

in red is an area that active in the prefrontal cortex, the frontal lobe of the brain, and in blue is this area that was deactivated.
رنگ قرمز نواحی فعال کرتکس پیشین را نشان میدهد که در لوب پیشانی قرار دارد. و این نواحی آبی رنگ نواحی هستند که غیر فعال شده بودند.

we had this broad patch of area called the lateral prefrontal cortex that went way down in activity, and i'll summarize that for you here.
و این ناحیه وسیع را داریم به نام ناحیه کرتکس پیشین جانبی که میزان فعالیتش به شدت پائین رفته.

in very short, people who have more activity in the right side of the prefrontal cortex are more depressed, withdrawn. they don't describe a lot of positive affect.
خلاصاً، اشخاصی که در سمتِ راستِ قشر مُخِشان فعالیت بیشتری دارند، بیشتر افسرده و به خود فرو رفته اند -- آنها زیاد وانمودهای مثبت را توصیف نمیکنند.

whereas many scholars approach emotion as being separate from cognition (see lazarus, 1999; zajonc, 1980), other scholars view cognition and emotion as being indivisibly intertwined and infusing each other (forgas, 1995; hoemann & feldman barrett, 2019). neuroscience research has also shown that brain substrates associated with cognition (e.g., prefrontal cortex) and affect (e.g., amygdala) may activate in concert (dolan, 2002; greene, som- merville, nystrom, darley, & cohen, 2001), but this research has not determined how neurological activity in the brain relates to what is occurring in the mind in the form of cognitive and affective experiences. this lack of clarity presents a challenge to researchers studying emotions. although our focus is on moral emotions, we include cognitive phenomenon at the team level (i.e., perceived team norms), and show how these team norms impact team mem- bers’ moral emotions. although we believe that emotion and cognition are distinct, we subscribe to research suggesting that in operation they infuse one another in ways that are too complex to fully explain here.
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