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malacca
malaka

strait of malacca is a norrow
straits pakikipag-ayos

today, cycle rickshaws are operated mostly as a tourist attraction, with small numbers operating in malacca, penang, kelantan and terengganu.
today, cycle rickshaws are operated mostly as a tourist attraction, with small numbers operating in malacca, penang, kelantan and terengganu.

at the time the europeans were developing their trade with the orient, there existed three trade routes connecting the orient to europe. the first was the northern route which passed through central asia by land, then to the cities of samarkand and bokhara, then around the caspian sea and the black sea, and iinally to constantinople in the mediterranean. the second was the central route which started from malacca in the malay peninsula, then to the indian ocean and the indian ports, then to the persian gulf to baghdad and constantinople. the third was the southern route which also started from malacca, then to the indian ocean and to the ports of india, then to the red sea, and finally to cairo in the mediterranean. in the fifteenth century an important event took place which led to the search for new routes. in 1453, the turks captured the city of constantinople. the turks, now in control of constantinople through which two routes passed, were now in a position to close the northern and the central routes. however, they allowed the venetians to use the southern route on condition that they paid the turks a certain sum as fee. the venetians, therefore, came to monopolize tht southern route. this proved advantageous to them, for they controlled the european trade to the
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