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conduction or radiation?
conduction or radiation?

however, the atmosphere is also warmed by conduction.
frankly that should be the end of the story.

alan claims 1% by ir, 99% by conduction?
1

if so, how is that transfer made? conduction from molecules colliding?
if so, how is that transfer made? conduction from molecules colliding?

which is why i asked ned to clarify if he was describing conduction or radiation.
which is why i asked ned to clarify if he was describing conduction or radiation.

are you stating that the primary method of transferring energy from the surface to the troposphere is via radiation absorption rather than via conduction?
are you stating that the primary method of transferring energy from the surface to the troposphere is via radiation absorption rather than via conduction?

energy goes into the atmosphere (conduction/convection from your automobile radiator, household ac, lwr from the ground.
energy goes into the atmosphere (conduction/convection from your automobile radiator, household ac, lwr from the ground.

air is evacuated from the space between the two tubes which is then maintained at a high vacuum, thus eliminating heat loss by conduction and convection.
air is evacuated from the space between the two tubes which is then maintained at a high vacuum, thus eliminating heat loss by conduction and convection.

the surface impedes effective convection, leaving thermal conduction and diffusion to transport heat and humidity from the surface to the air and within that very thin layer of air next to the surface.
the surface impedes effective convection, leaving thermal conduction and diffusion to transport heat and humidity from the surface to the air and within that very thin layer of air next to the surface.

thermal energy gets distributed by the usual suspects - conduction, convection, latent heat, and radiation, with radiation measured to be the dominant pathway.
thermal energy gets distributed by the usual suspects - conduction, convection, latent heat, and radiation, with radiation measured to be the dominant pathway.

it's a nonlinear material, and doped. a degenerate semiconductor material is one which has all its conduction bands filled with electrons, and so it thinks it is a conductor.
it's a nonlinear material, and doped. a degenerate semiconductor material is one which has all its conduction bands filled with electrons, and so it thinks it is a conductor.

this works both for radiation and for convection and conduction - additional sheets do not do much more to stop convection but they increase the distance through which heat must conduct to reach the outermost surface, and the rate of heat conduction per unit area is proportional to the temperature variation per unit distance.
this works both for radiation and for convection and conduction - additional sheets do not do much more to stop convection but they increase the distance through which heat must conduct to reach the outermost surface, and the rate of heat conduction per unit area is proportional to the temperature variation per unit distance.

9. sommerfield's theory of metallic conduction was based on drude's concept that the outer valence electrons of a conductor, which do not form crystal bonds, are free to migrate through the crystalline lattice structure, and so to form an electron gas. at room temperature, by quantum mechanical considerations, these free electrons are moving randomly, but at an average velocity on the order of 106 meters per sec. e.g., see martin a. plonus, applied electromagnetics, mcgraw hill, new york, 1978, p. 54-58, 62-3, 376-7. if you wish to know just how much power exchange is driving the collisions of the electron gas in a copper wire, here is an illustration.
9. sommerfield's theory of metallic conduction was based on drude's concept that the outer valence electrons of a conductor, which do not form crystal bonds, are free to migrate through the crystalline lattice structure, and so to form an electron gas. at room temperature, by quantum mechanical considerations, these free electrons are moving randomly, but at an average velocity on the order of 106 meters per sec. e.g., see martin a. plonus, applied electromagnetics, mcgraw hill, new york, 1978, p. 54-58, 62-3, 376-7. if you wish to know just how much power exchange is driving the collisions of the electron gas in a copper wire, here is an illustration.