Você procurou por: 霍布 (Chinês (simplificado) - Inglês)

霍布
hob

"国家豁免的整个概念 -- -- 无论是外国在它自己的法院中的讼案豁免还是领土所属国的豁免 -- -- 都是从一个时期流传下来的，在那个时期，如果君主为臣民伸张正义，他这样做即是出于义务，也是一种恩典.它与其说是体现着奥斯丁的国家概念，不如说是体现着霍布斯的国家概念 -- -- 霍姆斯法官在kawananakoa诉 polyblank案的一个经常被引用也经常受到批评的段落中表达了这一概念，在此他为国家豁免找到了`逻辑的和事实的理由，即没有一种法定权利可以否定这些权利所赖以存在的制法权威。
"the entire concept of state immunity -- whether of the foreign state from suit in its own courts or of the territorial state -- is a survival of the period when the sovereign, if he did justice to the subject, did so as a matter of duty but of grace ... it is one of the manifestations not so much of the austinian as of the hobbesian conception of a state -- a conception to which justice holmes gave expression in a frequently cited and often criticized passage in kawananakoa v. polyblank in which he based the immunity of the state `on the logical and practical ground that there can be no legal right as against the authority that makes the law on which the rights depends'. "