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outsourcing
İç denetim
Senast uppdaterad: 2011-03-16
Användningsfrekvens: 1
Kvalitet:
who fears outsourcing and offshoring?
dış kaynak kullanımından kim korkar?
Senast uppdaterad: 2016-01-20
Användningsfrekvens: 1
Kvalitet:
strained welfare systems and high wages are speeding up outsourcing, offshoring and job losses.
gergin refah sistemleri ve yüksek ücretler, dış kaynak kullanımını, offshore faaliyetleri ve işten çıkarmaların hızını artırıyor.
she will participate in a business forum and a roundtable on outsourcing, stressing bulgarian it investment opportunities.
Åuleveys burada bir ticaret forumuna ve taÅeron kullanımı konulu bir toplantıya katılarak, bulgaristan'da biliÅim alanındaki yatırım fırsatlarını ortaya koyacak.
eu member countries face increasingly intense competition from low wage countries, in the form of what is often called outsourcing or offshoring.
ab ülkeleri, çoğunlukla dış kaynak kullanımı (outsourcing ve offshoring) şeklinde olmak üzere, ücretlerin düşük olduğu ülkelerden kaynaklanan ve gittikçe ağırlaşan rekabet koşulları ile mücadele ediyor.
in the united states, leading politicians from both major parties have objected to what they perceive as multiplying runaway jobs due to outsourcing and offshoring.
amerika birleşik devletlerinde önemli partilerin önde gelen siyasetçileri, dış kaynak kullanımı (outsourcing ve offshoring) nedeniyle ülkenin gittikçe artan oranda iş kaybettiðini düşünüyor.
and the consequence of cheap phone calling, free phone calling, to india, is the pissed-off programmer, is the outsourcing.
ve hindistan'la ucuz telefon görüşmesinin sonucu olarak, bedava konuşmanın sonucu olarak, kızgın programcı, dış kaynak kullanımı.
if we wanted to translate the other 80 percent into spanish, it would cost at least 50 million dollars -- and this is at even the most exploited, outsourcing country out there.
eğer kalan yüzde 80'i İspanyolcaya çevirmek isteseydik, 50 milyon dolara malolurdu -- ve bu en çok sömürülen, dış kaynakları kullanılan bir ülkenin şartlarında.
a study by the bulgarian finance ministry revealed on monday (august 8th) that the electronics, it and services outsourcing industries have the highest growth potential in the country.
bulgaristan maliye bakanlığı tarafından yapılan ve 8 ağustos pazartesi günü açıklanan bir araştırmanın sonuçları, ülkede en yüksek büyüme potansiyeline sahip sektörlerin elektronik, bt ve dış kaynak kullanımına dayalı hizmetler olduğunu ortaya koydu.
software developer ebs romania announced it has opened a new, second branch in sibiu that will operate as a centre for the outsourcing/nearshore division of the company and as a development centre for java and .net technologies.
yazılım geliştirme şirketi ebs romanya, sibiu'da şirketin taşerona verme/iç pazar bölümünü barındıracak ve java ve .net teknolojileri için geliştirme merkezi olarak görev yapacak yeni, ikinci bir şube açtığını duyurdu.
because central and eastern european countries have comparatively well-educated populations and low local wages, they stand to benefit greatly from outsourcing within europe. but they will need intelligent public policies in order to make the most of this opportunity.
orta ve doðu avrupa ülkelerinde nüfus daha iyi eðitimli ve yerel ücretler de düşük olduðundan, bu ülkeler avrupa içinde dış kaynak kullanımından önemli ölçüde faydalanabilir, fakat bu fırsattan tam olarak yararlanabilmek için zekice hazırlanmış kamu politikalarına ihtiyaç duyacaklardır.
)::jel: l83 – sports; gambling; recreation; tourism::jel: l84 – personal, professional, and business services::jel: l85 – real estate services::jel: l86 – information and internet services; computer software::jel: l87 – postal and delivery services::jel: l88 – government policy::jel: l89 – otherjel: l9 – industry studies: transportation and utilities::jel: l90 – general::jel: l91 – transportation: general::jel: l92 – railroads and other surface transportation::jel: l93 – air transportation::jel: l94 – electric utilities::jel: l95 – gas utilities; pipelines; water utilities::jel: l96 – telecommunications::jel: l97 – utilities: general::jel: l98 – government policy::jel: l99 – other==business administration and business economics; marketing; accounting jel: m subcategories==:category:businessjel: m – business administration and business economics; marketing; accountingjel: m0 – general::jel: m00 – generaljel: m1 – business administration::jel: m10 – general::jel: m11 – production management::jel: m12 – personnel management::jel: m13 – new firms and startup companies::jel: m14 – corporate culture; 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franchising; other::jel: m59 – other==economic history jel: n subcategories==:category:economic historyjel: n – economic historyjel: n0 – general::jel: n00 – general::jel: n01 – development of the discipline: historiographical; sources and methodsjel: n1 – macroeconomics and monetary economics; growth and fluctuations::jel: n10 – general, international, or comparative::jel: n11 – u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n12 – u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n13 – europe: pre-1913::jel: n14 – europe: 1913–::jel: n15 – asia including middle east::jel: n16 – latin america; caribbean::jel: n17 – africa; oceaniajel: n2 – financial markets and institutions::jel: n20 – general, international, or comparative::jel: n21 – u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n22 – u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n23 – europe: pre-1913::jel: n24 – europe: 1913–::jel: n25 – asia including middle east::jel: n26 – latin america; caribbean::jel: n27 – africa; oceaniajel: n3 – labor and consumers, demography, education, income, and wealth::jel: n30 – general, international, or comparative::jel: n31 – u.s.; 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canada: 1913–::jel: n63 – europe: pre-1913::jel: n64 – europe: 1913–::jel: n65 – asia including middle east::jel: n66 – latin america; caribbean::jel: n67 – africa; oceaniajel: n7 – transport, international and domestic trade, energy, technology, and other services::jel: n70 – general, international, or comparative::jel: n71 – u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n72 – u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n73 – europe: pre-1913::jel: n74 – europe: 1913–::jel: n75 – asia including middle east::jel: n76 – latin america; caribbean::jel: n77 – africa; oceaniajel: n8 – micro-business history::jel: n80 – general, international, or comparative::jel: n81 – u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n82 – u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n83 – europe: pre-1913::jel: n84 – europe: 1913–::jel: n85 – asia including middle east::jel: n86 – latin america; caribbean::jel: n87 – africa; oceaniajel: n9 – regional and urban history::jel: n90 – general, international, or comparative::jel: n91 – u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n92 – u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n93 – europe: pre-1913::jel: n94 – europe: 1913–::jel: n95 – asia including middle east::jel: n96 – latin america; caribbean::jel: n97 – africa; oceania==economic development, technological change, and growth jel: o subcategories==:category:economic development, technological change, and growthjel: o – economic development, technological change, and growthjel: o1 – economic development::jel: o10 – general::jel: o11 – macroeconomic analyses of economic development::jel: o12 – microeconomic analyses of economic development::jel: o13 – agriculture; natural resources; energy; environment; other primary products::jel: o14 – industrialization; manufacturing and service industries; choice of technology::jel: o15 – human resources; human development; income distribution; migration::jel: o16 – financial markets; saving and capital investment::jel: o17 – formal and informal sectors; shadow economy; institutional arrangements: legal, social, economic, and political::jel: o18 – regional, urban, and rural analyses, transportation::jel: o19 – international linkages to development; role of international organizationsjel: o2 – development planning and policy::jel: o20 – general::jel: o21 – planning models; planning policy::jel: o22 – project analysis::jel: o23 – fiscal and monetary policy in development::jel: o24 – trade policy; factor movement policy; foreign exchange policy::jel: o25 – industrial policy::jel: o29 – otherjel: o3 – technological change; research and development::jel: o30 – general::jel: o31 – innovation and invention: processes and incentives::jel: o32 – management of technological innovation and r&d::jel: o33 – technological change: choices and consequences; diffusion processes::jel: o34 – intellectual property rights: national and international issues::jel: o38 – government policy::jel: o39 – otherjel: o4 – economic growth and aggregate productivity::jel: o40 – general::jel: o41 – one, two, and multisector growth models::jel: o42 – monetary growth models::jel: o43 – institutions and growth::jel: o44 – environment and growth::jel: o47 – measurement of economic growth; aggregate productivity::jel: o49 – otherjel: o5 – economywide country studies::jel: o50 – general::jel: o51 – u.s.; canada::jel: o52 – europe::jel: o53 – asia including middle east::jel: o54 – latin america; caribbean::jel: o55 – africa::jel: o56 – oceania::jel: o57 – comparative studies of countries==economic systems jel: p subcategories==:category:economic systemsjel: p – economic systemsjel: p0 – general::jel: p00 – generaljel: p1 – capitalist systems::jel: p10 – general::jel: p11 – planning, coordination, and reform::jel: p12 – capitalist enterprises::jel: p13 – cooperative enterprises::jel: p14 – property rights::jel: p16 – political economy::jel: p17 – performance and prospects::jel: p19 – otherjel: p2 – socialist systems and transitional economies::jel: p20 – general::jel: p21 – planning, coordination, and reform::jel: p22 – prices::jel: p23 – factor and product markets; industry studies; population::jel: p24 – national income, product, and expenditure; money; inflation::jel: p25 – urban, rural, and regional economics; housing; transportation::jel: p26 – political economy; property rights::jel: p27 – performance and prospects::jel: p28 – natural resources; energy; environment::jel: p29 – otherjel: p3 – socialist institutions and their transitions::jel: p30 – general::jel: p31 – socialist enterprises and their transitions::jel: p32 – collectives; communes; agriculture::jel: p33 – international trade, finance, investment, business, and aid::jel: p34 – financial economics::jel: p35 – public economics::jel: p36 – consumer economics; health, education, welfare, and poverty::jel: p37 – legal institutions; illegal behavior::jel: p39 – otherjel: p4 – other economic systems::jel: p40 – general::jel: p41 – planning, coordination, and reform::jel: p42 – productive enterprises; factor and product markets; prices; population::jel: p43 – public economics; financial economics::jel: p44 – national income, product, and expenditure; money; inflation::jel: p45 – international trade, finance, investment, and aid::jel: p46 – consumer economics; welfare and poverty::jel: p47 – performance and prospects::jel: p48 – political economy; legal institutions; property rights, natural resources; energy; environment; regional studies::jel: p49 – otherjel: p5 – comparative economic systems::jel: p50 – general::jel: p51 – comparative analysis of economic systems::jel: p52 – comparative studies of particular economies::jel: p59 – other==agricultural and natural resource economics; environmental and ecological economics jel: q subcategories==:category:resource economicsjel: q – agricultural and natural resource economics; environmental and ecological economicsjel: q0 – general::jel: q00 – general::jel: q01 – sustainable development::jel: q02 – global commodity crisesjel: q1 – agriculture::jel: q10 – general::jel: q11 – aggregate supply and demand analysis; prices::jel: q12 – micro analysis of farm firms, farm households, and farm input markets::jel: q13 – agricultural markets and marketing; cooperatives; agribusiness::jel: q14 – agricultural finance::jel: q15 – land ownership and tenure; land reform; land use; irrigation; agriculture and environment::jel: q16 – r&d; agricultural technology; biofuels; agricultural extension services::jel: q17 – agriculture in international trade::jel: q18 – agricultural policy; food policy::jel: q19 – otherjel: q2 – renewable resources and conservation::jel: q20 – general::jel: q21 – demand and supply::jel: q22 – fishery; aquaculture::jel: q23 – forestry::jel: q24 – land::jel: q25 – water::jel: q26 – recreational aspects of natural resources::jel: q28 – government policy::jel: q29 – otherjel: q3 – nonrenewable resources and conservation::jel: q30 – general::jel: q31 – demand and supply::jel: q32 – exhaustible resources and economic development::jel: q34 – natural resources and domestic and international conflicts::jel: q33 – resource booms::jel: q38 – government policy::jel: q39 – otherjel: q4 – energy::jel: q40 – general::jel: q41 – demand and supply::jel: q42 – alternative energy sources::jel: q43 – energy and the macroeconomy::jel: q47 – energy forecasting::jel: q48 – government policy::jel: q49 – otherjel: q5 – environmental economics::jel: q50 – general::jel: q51 – valuation of environmental effects::jel: q52 – pollution control adoption costs; distributional effects; employment effects::jel: q53 – air pollution; water pollution; noise; hazardous waste; solid waste; recycling::jel: q54 – climate; natural disasters, global warming::jel: q55 – technological innovation::jel: q56 – environment and development; environment and trade; sustainability; environment accounts and accounting; environmental equity; population growth::jel: q57 – ecological economics: ecosystem services; biodiversity conservation; bioeconomics; industrial ecology::jel: q58 – government policy::jel: q59 – other==urban, rural, and regional economics jel: r subcategories==:category:urban, rural, and regional economicsjel: r – urban, rural, and regional economicsjel: r0 – general::jel: r00 – generaljel: r1 – general regional economics::jel: r10 – general::jel: r11 – regional economic activity: growth, development, and changes::jel: r12 – size and spatial distributions of regional economic activity; interregional trade::jel: r13 – general equilibrium and welfare economic analysis of regional economies::jel: r14 – land use patterns::jel: r15 – econometric and input–output models; other models::jel: r19 – otherjel: r2 – household analysis::jel: r20 – general::jel: r21 – housing demand::jel: r22 – other demand::jel: r23 – regional migration; regional labor markets; population::jel: r29 – otherjel: r3 – production analysis and firm location::jel: r30 – general::jel: r31 – housing supply and markets::jel: r32 – other production and pricing analysis::jel: r33 – nonagricultural and nonresidential real estate markets::jel: r34 – input demand analysis::jel: r38 – government policies; regulatory policies::jel: r39 – otherjel: r4 – transportation systems::jel: r40 – general::jel: r41 – transportation: demand; supply; congestion; safety and accidents::jel: r42 – government and private investment analysis::jel: r48 – government pricing; regulatory policies::jel: r49 – otherjel: r5 – regional government analysis::jel: r50 – general::jel: r51 – finance in urban and rural economies::jel: r52 – land use and other regulations::jel: r53 – public facility location analysis; public investment and capital stock::jel: r58 – regional development policy::jel: r59 – other== miscellaneous categories (economics) jel: y subcategories ==jel: y1 – data: tables and charts::jel: y10 – data: tables and chartsjel: y2 – introductory material::jel: y20 – introductory materialjel: y3 – book reviews (unclassified)::jel: y30 – book reviews (unclassified)jel: y4 – dissertations (unclassified)::jel: y40 – dissertations (unclassified)jel: y5 – further reading (unclassified)::jel: y50 – further reading (unclassified)jel: y6 – excerpts::jel: y60 – excerptsjel: y6 – no author general discussions::jel: y60 – no author general discussionsjel: y8 – jel: related disciplines::jel: y80 – related disciplinesjel: y9 – other::jel: y90 – other::jel: y91 – pictures and maps==other special topics (economics) jel: z subcategories==:category:other special topics (economics)jel: z – other special topicsjel: z0 – general::jel: z00 – generaljel: z1 – cultural economics; economic sociology; economic anthropology::jel: z10 – general::jel: z11 – economics of the arts and literature::jel: z12 – religion::jel: z13 – economic sociology; economic anthropology; social and economic stratification::jel: z18 – public policy::jel: z19 – other==notes====external links==* full list of jel classifications* jel classification codes guide, which provides a more detailed explanation of the classification system
)::jel: l83 - sports; gambling; recreation; tourism::jel: l84 - personal, professional, and business services::jel: l85 - real estate services::jel: l86 - information and internet services; computer software::jel: l87 - postal and delivery services::jel: l88 - government policy::jel: l89 - diğerjel: l9 - industry studies: transportation and utilities::jel: l90 - genel::jel: l91 - transportation: genel::jel: l92 - railroads and diğer surface transportation: autos, buses, trucks, and water carriers; ports::jel: l93 - air transportation::jel: l94 - electric utilities::jel: l95 - gas utilities; pipelines; water utilities::jel: l96 - telecommunications::jel: l97 - utilities: genel::jel: l98 - government policy::jel: l99 - diğer== business administration and business economics; marketing; accounting jel: m subcategories ==jel: m - business administration and business economics; marketing; accounting:kategori:business economicsjel: m0 - genel::jel: m00 - geneljel: m1 - business administration::jel: m10 - genel::jel: m11 - production management::jel: m12 - personnel management::jel: m13 - entrepreneurship::jel: m14 - corporate culture; social responsibility::jel: m19 - diğerjel: m2 - business economics::jel: m20 - genel::jel: m21 - business economics::jel: m29 - diğerjel: m3 - marketing and advertising::jel: m30 - genel::jel: m31 - marketing::jel: m37 - advertising::jel: m39 - diğerjel: m4 - accounting and auditing::jel: m40 - genel::jel: m41 - accounting scholarship::jel: m42 - auditing::jel: m49 - diğerjel: m5 - personnel economics::jel: m50 - genel::jel: m51 - firm employment decisions; promotions (hiring, firing, turnover, part-time, temporary workers, seniority issues)::jel: m52 - compensation and compensation methods and their effects (stock options, fringe benefits, incentives, family support programs, seniority issues)::jel: m53 - training::jel: m54 - labor management (team formation, worker empowerment, job design, tasks and authority, job satisfaction)::jel: m55 - labor contracting devices: outsourcing; franchising; diğer::jel: m59 - diğer== economic history jel: n subcategories ==jel: n - economic history:kategori:economic historyjel: n0 - genel::jel: n00 - genel::jel: n01 - development of the discipline: historiographical; sources and methodsjel: n1 - macroeconomics and monetary economics; growth and fluctuations::jel: n10 - genel, international, or comparative::jel: n11 - u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n12 - u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n13 - europe: pre-1913::jel: n14 - europe: 1913–::jel: n15 - asia including middle east::jel: n16 - latin america; caribbean::jel: n17 - africa; oceaniajel: n2 - financial markets and institutions::jel: n20 - genel, international, or comparative::jel: n21 - u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n22 - u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n23 - europe: pre-1913::jel: n24 - europe: 1913–::jel: n25 - asia including middle east::jel: n26 - latin america; caribbean::jel: n27 - africa; oceaniajel: n3 - labor and consumers, demography, education, income, and wealth::jel: n30 - genel, international, or comparative::jel: n31 - u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n32 - u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n33 - europe: pre-1913::jel: n34 - europe: 1913–::jel: n35 - asia including middle east::jel: n36 - latin america; caribbean::jel: n37 - africa; oceaniajel: n4 - government, war, law, and regulation::jel: n40 - genel, international, or comparative::jel: n41 - u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n42 - u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n43 - europe: pre-1913::jel: n44 - europe: 1913–::jel: n45 - asia including middle east::jel: n46 - latin america; caribbean::jel: n47 - africa; oceaniajel: n5 - agriculture, natural resources, environment, and extractive industries::jel: n50 - genel, international, or comparative::jel: n51 - u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n52 - u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n53 - europe: pre-1913::jel: n54 - europe: 1913–::jel: n55 - asia including middle east::jel: n56 - latin america; caribbean::jel: n57 - africa; oceaniajel: n6 - manufacturing and construction::jel: n60 - genel, international, or comparative::jel: n61 - u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n62 - u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n63 - europe: pre-1913::jel: n64 - europe: 1913–::jel: n65 - asia including middle east::jel: n66 - latin america; caribbean::jel: n67 - africa; oceaniajel: n7 - transport, international and domestic trade, energy, technology, and diğer services::jel: n70 - genel, international, or comparative::jel: n71 - u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n72 - u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n73 - europe: pre-1913::jel: n74 - europe: 1913–::jel: n75 - asia including middle east::jel: n76 - latin america; caribbean::jel: n77 - africa; oceaniajel: n8 - micro-business history::jel: n80 - genel, international, or comparative::jel: n81 - u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n82 - u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n83 - europe: pre-1913::jel: n84 - europe: 1913–::jel: n85 - asia including middle east::jel: n86 - latin america; caribbean::jel: n87 - africa; oceaniajel: n9 - regional and urban history::jel: n90 - genel, international, or comparative::jel: n91 - u.s.; canada: pre-1913::jel: n92 - u.s.; canada: 1913–::jel: n93 - europe: pre-1913::jel: n94 - europe: 1913–::jel: n95 - asia including middle east::jel: n96 - latin america; caribbean::jel: n97 - africa; oceania== ekonomik kalkınma, teknolojik değişim ve büyüme jel: o alt kategoriler ==jel: o - economic development, technological change, and growth:kategori:economic development, technological change, and growthjel: o1 - economic development::jel: o10 - genel::jel: o11 - macroeconomic analyses of economic development::jel: o12 - microeconomic analyses of economic development::jel: o13 - agriculture; natural resources; energy; environment; diğer primary products::jel: o14 - industrialization; manufacturing and service industries; choice of technology::jel: o15 - human resources; human development; income distribution; migration::jel: o16 - financial markets; saving and capital investment::jel: o17 - formal and informal sectors; shadow economy; institutional arrangements: legal, social, economic, and political::jel: o18 - regional, urban, and rural analyses::jel: o19 - international linkages to development; role of international organizationsjel: o2 - development planning and policy::jel: o20 - genel::jel: o21 - planning models; planning policy::jel: o22 - project analysis::jel: o23 - fiscal and monetary policy in development::jel: o24 - trade policy; factor movement policy; foreign exchange policy::jel: o29 - diğerjel: o3 - technological change; research and development::jel: o30 - genel::jel: o31 - innovation and invention: processes and incentives::jel: o32 - management of technological innovation and r&d::jel: o33 - technological change: choices and consequences; diffusion processes::jel: o34 - intellectual property rights: national and international issues::jel: o38 - government policy::jel: o39 - diğerjel: o4 - economic growth and aggregate productivity::jel: o40 - genel::jel: o41 - one, two, and multisector growth models::jel: o42 - monetary growth models::jel: o47 - measurement of economic growth; aggregate productivity::jel: o49 - diğerjel: o5 - economywide country studies::jel: o50 - genel::jel: o51 - u.s.; canada::jel: o52 - europe::jel: o53 - asia including middle east::jel: o54 - latin america; caribbean::jel: o55 - africa::jel: o56 - oceania::jel: o57 - comparative studies of countries== ekonomik sistemler jel: p alt kategoriler ==jel: p - economic systems:kategori:economic systemsjel: p0 - genel::jel: p00 - geneljel: p1 - capitalist systems::jel: p10 - genel::jel: p11 - planning, coordination, and reform::jel: p12 - capitalist enterprises::jel: p13 - cooperative enterprises::jel: p14 - property rights::jel: p16 - political economy::jel: p17 - performance and prospects::jel: p19 - diğerjel: p2 - socialist systems and transitional economies::jel: p20 - genel::jel: p21 - planning, coordination, and reform::jel: p22 - prices::jel: p23 - factor and product markets; industry studies; population::jel: p24 - national income, product, and expenditure; money; inflation::jel: p25 - urban, rural, and regional economics; housing; transportation::jel: p26 - political economy; property rights::jel: p27 - performance and prospects::jel: p28 - natural resources; energy; environment::jel: p29 - diğerjel: p3 - socialist institutions and their transitions::jel: p30 - genel::jel: p31 - socialist enterprises and their transitions::jel: p32 - collectives; communes; agriculture::jel: p33 - international trade, finance, investment, and aid::jel: p34 - financial economics::jel: p35 - public economics::jel: p36 - consumer economics; health, education, welfare, and poverty::jel: p37 - legal institutions; illegal behavior::jel: p39 - diğerjel: p4 - diğer economic systems::jel: p40 - genel::jel: p41 - planning, coordination, and reform::jel: p42 - productive enterprises; factor and product markets; prices; population::jel: p43 - public economics; financial economics::jel: p44 - national income, product, and expenditure; money; inflation::jel: p45 - international trade, finance, investment, and aid::jel: p46 - consumer economics; welfare and poverty::jel: p47 - performance and prospects::jel: p48 - political economy •legal institutions; property rights::jel: p49 - diğerjel: p5 - comparative economic systems::jel: p50 - genel::jel: p51 - comparative analysis of economic systems::jel: p52 - comparative studies of particular economies::jel: p59 - diğer== tarım ve doğal kaynak ekonomisi, Çevresel ve ekoloagricultural and natural resource economics; environmental and ekolojik ekonomi jel: q alt kategoriler ==jel: q - agricultural and natural resource economics; environmental and ecological economics:kategori:agricultural and natural resource economics; environmental and ecological economics:kategori:resource economicsjel: q0 - genel::jel: q00 - genel::jel: q01 - sustainable developmentjel: q1 - agriculture::jel: q10 - genel::jel: q11 - aggregate supply and demand analysis; prices::jel: q12 - micro analysis of farm firms, farm households, and farm input markets::jel: q13 - agricultural markets and marketing; cooperatives; agribusiness::jel: q14 - agricultural finance::jel: q15 - land ownership and tenure; land reform; land use; irrigation::jel: q16 - r&d; agricultural technology; agricultural extension services::jel: q17 - agriculture in international trade::jel: q18 - agricultural policy; food policy::jel: q19 - diğerjel: q2 - renewable resources and conservation::jel: q20 - genel::jel: q21 - demand and supply::jel: q22 - fishery; aquaculture::jel: q23 - forestry::jel: q24 - land::jel: q25 - water::jel: q26 - recreational aspects of natural resources::jel: q28 - government policy::jel: q29 - diğerjel: q3 - nonrenewable resources and conservation::jel: q30 - genel::jel: q31 - demand and supply::jel: q32 - exhaustible resources and economic development::jel: q34 - doğal kaynaklar ve yurtiçinatural resources and domestic and international conflicts::jel: q33 - doğal kaynak patlamasıresource booms::jel: q38 - kamu politikaları::jel: q39 - diğerjel: q4 - enerji ekonomisi::jel: q40 - genel::jel: q41 - enerji talebi ve enerji arzı::jel: q42 - alternatif enerji kaynakları::jel: q43 - enerji ve makroekonomi::jel: q48 - kamu politikaları::jel: q49 - diğerjel: q5 - Çevresel ekonomi::jel: q50 - genel::jel: q51 - valuation of environmental effects::jel: q52 - pollution control costs; distributional effects; employment effects::jel: q53 - air pollution; water pollution; noise; hazardous waste; solid waste • recycling::jel: q54 - climate; natural disasters::jel: q55 - technological innovation::jel: q56 - environment and development; environment and trade; sustainability; environmental accounting::jel: q57 - ecological economics: ecosystem services; biodiversity conservation; bioeconomics::jel: q58 - government policy::jel: q59 - diğer== kentsel, kırsal ve bölgesel ekonomi jel: r alt kategoriler ==jel: r - kent ekonomisi, kırsal ekonomi ve bölgesel ekonomi:kategori:kentsel, kırsal ve bölgesel ekonomijel: r0 - genel::jel: r00 - geneljel: r1 - genel bölgesel ekonomi::jel: r10 - genel::jel: r11 - regional economic activity: growth, development, and changes::jel: r12 - size and spatial distributions of regional economic activity; interregional trade::jel: r13 - genel equilibrium and welfare economic analysis of regional economies::jel: r14 - land use patterns::jel: r15 - econometric and input–output models; diğer models::jel: r19 - diğerjel: r2 - hanehalı analizler::jel: r20 - genel::jel: r21 - hanehalkı talebihousing demand::jel: r22 - diğer talep::jel: r23 - bölgesel göç, bölgesel iş gücü piyasaları, nüfus::jel: r29 - diğerjel: r3 - Üretim analizleri ve firma yeri::jel: r30 - genel::jel: r31 - housing supply and markets::jel: r32 - diğer üretim ve fiyatlama analizleri::jel: r33 - nonagricultural and nonresidential real estate markets::jel: r34 - input demand analysis::jel: r38 - government policies; regulatory policies::jel: r39 - diğerjel: r4 - ulaştırma ekonomisi::jel: r40 - genel::jel: r41 - ulaştırma: talep, arz, yığılma, güvenlik ve kazalar::jel: r42 - kamu ve özel yatırım analizleri::jel: r48 - kamu fiyatlaması, düzenleme politikaları::jel: r49 - diğerjel: r5 - bölgesel yönetim analizi::jel: r50 - genel::jel: r51 - kentsel ve kırsal ekonomilerde finans::jel: r52 - arazi kullanımı ve diğer düzenlemeler::jel: r53 - kamu hizmet yeri analizi, kamu yatırım ve sermaye stoku::jel: r58 - bölgesel gelişim yasaları::jel: r59 - diğer== Çeşitli kategoriler (ekonomi) jel: y alt kategoriler ==jel: y1 - data: tables and charts::jel: y10 - data: tables and chartsjel: y2 - introductory material::jel: y20 - introductory materialjel: y3 - book reviews (unclassified)::jel: y30 - book reviews (unclassified)jel: y4 - dissertations (unclassified)::jel: y40 - dissertations (unclassified)jel: y5 - further reading (unclassified)::jel: y50 - further reading (unclassified)jel: y6 - excerpts::jel: y60 - excerptsjel: y8 - jel: related disciplines::jel: y80 - related disciplinesjel: y9 - diğer::jel: y90 - diğer== diğer özel başlıklar jel: z alt kategoriler ==jel: z - diğer özel başlıklarjel: z0 - genel::jel: z00 - geneljel: z1 - kültürel ekonomi; ekonomik sosyoloji; ekonomik antropoloji::jel: z10 - genel::jel: z11 - economics of the arts and literature::jel: z12 - bölgesel::jel: z13 - economic sociology; economic anthropology::jel: z19 - diğer== dış bağlantılar ==* [http://www.aeaweb.org/journal/jel_class_system.html]