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asia selatan
south asia

di seluruh dunia, kanker kepala dan leher (hnc) menyumbang lebih dari 500.000 kasus baru dan 300.000 kematian pada tahun 2018 [2]. insiden tertinggi diamati di asia selatan dan tenggara [4]. faktor risiko tertinggi untuk hnsc adalah minum alkohol dan merokok [5,15]. sebuah penelitian sebelumnya telah mengungkapkan bahwa infeksi human papillomavirus (hpv) berkorelasi dengan peningkatan kejadian hnsc [14]. meskipun kemoradioterapi dan pembedahan diterapkan dalam pengobatan klinis pasien hnsc, 5 tahun ov
worldwide, head and neck cancer (hnc) accounts for more than 500,000 new cases and 300,000 deaths in 2018[2]. the highest incidence is observed in south and southeast asia [4]. the highest risk factors for hnsc are alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking [5,15]. a previous study has revealed that human papillomavirus (hpv) infection is correlated with the increasing incidence of hnsc [14]. although chemoradiotherapy and surgery was applied in the clinical treatment of hnsc patients, the 5-year overall survival rate is still under 60% [10]. therefore, it is important to investigate and identify potential prognostic biomarkers as well as potential drug targets. laminins is a large molecule of glycoprotein formed by the assembly of three disulfide-linked polypeptides, α, β and γ chains [1]. laminins involve in a variety of biological processes, including cell migration, adhesion, and differentiation [1,6,7,8]. the known laminin isoforms are formed by combinations of α, β, and γ chains[1]. in previous study, lama1, lama2 and lama4, which belong to the laminins family, were involved in early metastatic ccrcc [16]. however, the role of lama1 in head-neck cancer is still unknown.