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Indonesisch

apa ini masih ada

Engels

这个还有吗

Laatste Update: 2022-02-19
Gebruiksfrequentie: 1
Kwaliteit:

Referentie: Anoniem

Indonesisch

ini masih lama?

Engels

is it still a long time?

Laatste Update: 2024-01-03
Gebruiksfrequentie: 1
Kwaliteit:

Referentie: Anoniem

Indonesisch

selama persediaan masih ada

Engels

applies multiply

Laatste Update: 2019-04-18
Gebruiksfrequentie: 1
Kwaliteit:

Referentie: Anoniem

Indonesisch

masih ada yang ditutupi dari saya

Engels

the most potent suppressors of gastric acid secretion are inhibitors of the gastric h+,k+-atpase (proton pump) (figure 36–2a). in typical doses, these drugs diminish the daily production of acid (basal and stimulated) by 80% to 95%. five proton pump inhibitors are available for clinical use: omeprazole (prilosec, rapinex, zegerid) and its s-isomer, esomeprazole (nexium), lansoprazole (prevacid), rabeprazole (aciphex), and pantoprazole (protonix). these drugs have different substitutions on their pyridine and/or benzimidazole groups but are remarkably similar in their pharmacological properties (see appendix ii). omeprazole is a racemic mixture of r- and s-isomers; the s-isomer, esomeprazole (s-omeprazole), is eliminated less rapidly than r-omeprazole, which theoretically provides a therapeutic advantage because of the increased half-life. despite claims to the contrary, all proton pump inhibitors have equivalent efficacy at comparable doses. proton pump inhibitors are prodrugs that require activation in an acid environment. after absorption into the systemic circulation, the prodrug diffuses into the parietal cells of the stomach and accumulates in the acidic secretory canaliculi. here, it is activated by proton-catalyzed formation of a tetracyclic sulfenamide (figure 36–2), trapping the drug so that it cannot diffuse back across the canalicular membrane. the activated form then binds covalently with sulfhydryl groups of cysteines in the h+,k+-atpase, irreversibly inactivating the pump molecule. acid secretion resumes only after new pump molecules are synthesized and inserted into the luminal membrane, providing a prolonged (up to 24- to 48-hour) suppression of acid secretion, despite the much shorter plasma half-lives (0.5 to 2 hours) of the parent compounds. because they block the final step in acid production, the proton pump inhibitors are effective in acid suppression regardless of other stimulating factors. the most potent suppressors of gastric acid secretion are inhibitors of the gastric h+,k+-atpase (proton pump) (figure 36–2a). in typical doses, these drugs diminish the daily production of acid (basal and stimulated) by 80% to 95%. five proton pump inhibitors are available for clinical use: omeprazole (prilosec, rapinex, zegerid) and its s-isomer, esomeprazole (nexium), lansoprazole (prevacid), rabeprazole (aciphex), and pantoprazole (protonix). these drugs have different substitutions on their pyridine and/or benzimidazole groups but are remarkably similar in their pharmacological properties (see appendix ii). omeprazole is a racemic mixture of r- and s-isomers; the s-isomer, esomeprazole (s-omeprazole), is eliminated less rapidly than r-omeprazole, which theoretically provides a therapeutic advantage because of the increased half-life. despite claims to the contrary, all proton pump inhibitors have equivalent efficacy at comparable doses. proton pump inhibitors are prodrugs that require activation in an acid environment. after absorption into the systemic circulation, the prodrug diffuses into the parietal cells of the stomach and accumulates in the acidic secretory canaliculi. here, it is activated by proton-catalyzed formation of a tetracyclic sulfenamide (figure 36–2), trapping the drug so that it cannot diffuse back across the canalicular membrane. the activated form then binds covalently with sulfhydryl groups of cysteines in the h+,k+-atpase, irreversibly inactivating the pump molecule. acid secretion resumes only after new pump molecules are synthesized and inserted into the luminal membrane, providing a prolonged (up to 24- to 48-hour) suppression of acid secretion, despite the much shorter plasma half-lives (0.5 to 2 hours) of the parent compounds. because they block the final step in acid production, the proton pump inhibitors are effective in acid suppression regardless of other stimulating factors.

Laatste Update: 2014-04-24
Gebruiksfrequentie: 1
Kwaliteit:

Referentie: Anoniem

Indonesisch

apakah barang ini masih tersedia?

Engels

ya tersedia

Laatste Update: 2019-12-26
Gebruiksfrequentie: 1
Kwaliteit:

Referentie: Anoniem

Indonesisch

berlaku selama persediaan masih ada

Engels

while supplies last

Laatste Update: 2019-04-12
Gebruiksfrequentie: 1
Kwaliteit:

Referentie: Anoniem

Indonesisch

teks macam apa ini

Engels

attitude

Laatste Update: 2021-11-29
Gebruiksfrequentie: 1
Kwaliteit:

Referentie: Anoniem

Indonesisch

apa ini laundry bapak

Engels

teranselite

Laatste Update: 2014-12-05
Gebruiksfrequentie: 1
Kwaliteit:

Referentie: Anoniem

Indonesisch

kamu anak mana bahasa apa ini

Engels

which child are you in this language

Laatste Update: 2018-10-11
Gebruiksfrequentie: 1
Kwaliteit:

Referentie: Anoniem

Indonesisch

situasi macam apa ini anjing

Engels

i hate the situation now

Laatste Update: 2020-04-12
Gebruiksfrequentie: 1
Kwaliteit:

Referentie: Anoniem

Indonesisch

diskusi ini masih berlanjut, tetapi mungkin akan tertunda.

Engels

these discussions are continuing but may be delayed.

Laatste Update: 2020-08-25
Gebruiksfrequentie: 1
Kwaliteit:

Referentie: Anoniem

Indonesisch

masih berada di episode menunggu

Engels

masih berada di episode menunggu

Laatste Update: 2024-01-26
Gebruiksfrequentie: 1
Kwaliteit:

Referentie: Anoniem

Indonesisch

ada apa ini.. siapa yang kamu maksud

Engels

ada apa ini siapa yang kamu maksud

Laatste Update: 2013-10-31
Gebruiksfrequentie: 1
Kwaliteit:

Referentie: Wikipedia

Indonesisch

& apakah ini?

Engels

what's & this?

Laatste Update: 2011-10-23
Gebruiksfrequentie: 2
Kwaliteit:

Referentie: Wikipedia
Waarschuwing: Bevat onzichtbare HTML-opmaak

Indonesisch

apakah ini fotomu

Engels

are you understanding

Laatste Update: 2021-06-14
Gebruiksfrequentie: 1
Kwaliteit:

Referentie: Anoniem

Indonesisch

apakah ini takdir ku

Engels

i forget the way to be happy

Laatste Update: 2019-04-28
Gebruiksfrequentie: 1
Kwaliteit:

Referentie: Anoniem

Indonesisch

apakah ini baru pertama kali ke indonesia?

Engels

are you first time to indonesia?

Laatste Update: 2021-03-28
Gebruiksfrequentie: 1
Kwaliteit:

Referentie: Anoniem

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