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whenever this operator would be used on such an object in a program, this function would be called with the lvalue and rvalue as parameters.
this same form of "extended copying" is also necessary for php's zval containers. again, in the case of an array, this extended copying would imply re-creation of all hash table entries relating to this array. for strings, proper memory allocation would have to be assured, and so on.
if you define an object in such a language, you have the possibility of overloading the "=" operator, which is usually responsible for assigning the contents of the lvalue (result of the evaluation of the left side of the operator) to the rvalue (same for the right side).
overloading means assigning a different meaning to this operator, and is usually used to assign a function call to an operator. whenever this operator would be used on such an object in a program, this function would be called with the lvalue and rvalue as parameters. equipped with that information, it can perform the operation it intends the "=" operator to have (usually an extended form of copying).
